The colonization of a new planet will inevitably bring about new bioethical issues. One is the possibility of pregnancy during the mission. Hal Schuster, S. Peck
There have been innumerable reports of curious children inserting toys and other objects into their orifices during the course of their development. Arif Nazir MBBS, Linda C. Runyon MD, Sandeep Chowdhary MBBS
Do narcissists have insight into the negative aspects of their personality and reputation? Using both clinical and subclinical measures of narcissism, we examined others’ perceptions, self-perceptions and meta-perceptions of narcissists across a wide range of traits. Erika N. Carlson, Simine Vazire, and Thomas F. Oltmanns
Computer mediated communication (CMC) plays a rapidly growing role in our social lives. Within this domain, e-mail addresses represent the thinnest slice of information that people receive from one another. Using 599 e-mail addresses of young adults, their self-reported personality scores and the personality judgments of 100 independent observers, it was shown that personality impressions based solely on e-mail addresses were consensually shared by observers. Mitja D Back, Stefan C Schmukle, Boris Egloff
The discovery that nitric oxide (NO) has powerful vasoactive properties identical to those of endothelial-derived relaxing factor spawned a vast body of research investigating the physiological actions of small gas molecules. Carbon Monoxide is a similar but more stable gas. Stefan W Ryter Danielle Morse, Augustine M K Choi
We develop a calculus for lazy functional programming based on recursion operators associated with data type definitions. Erik Meijer Maarten Fokkinga y Ross Paterson
There is increasing concern that most current published research findings are false. The probability that a research claim is true may depend on study power and bias, the number of other studies on the same question, and, importantly, the ratio of true to no relationships among the relationships probed in each scientific field. John P. A. Ioannidis
This article investigates the internal governance institutions of violent criminal enterprise by examining the law, economics, and organization of pirates. Peter T. Leeson
Although human beings have endured the recurring ravages of vampires for centuries, scarcely any attempts have been made to analyze the macroeconomic implications of this problem and to devise socially optimal policy responses. Dennis J. Snower
We prove that it is NP-hard to decide whether two points in a polygonal domain with holes can be connected by a wire. This implies that finding any approximation to the shortest path for a long snake amidst polygonal obstacles is NP-hard. On the positive side, we show that snake's problem is 'length-tractable': if the snake is 'fat', i.e., its length/width ratio is small, the shortest path can be computed in polynomial time. Irina Kostitsyna, Valentin Polishchuk
During the past 15 years Japan has experienced unprecedented, high unemployment rates and low (often negative) inflation rates. This research shows that these outcomes were predictable as part of a stable, readily recognized Phillips curve. Gregor W. Smith
Most texts on writing style encourage authors to avoid overly-complex words. However, a majority of undergraduates admit to deliberately increasing the complexity of their vocabulary so as to give the impression of intelligence. This paper explores the extent to which this strategy is effective. Daniel M. Oppenheimer
Computational analysis has become ubiquitous within the heliophysics community. However, community standards for peer review of codes and analysis have lagged behind these developments. This absence has contributed to the reproducibility crisis, where inadequate analysis descriptions and loss of scientific data have made scientific studies difficult or impossible to replicate. A. Burrell, A. Halford
Large boulders on alluvial fans are widely dispersed in the American Basin and Range province. The sizes of the more massive blocks have long intrigued regional geomorphologists, who have been hard pressed to account for their origin and presence on the fans. Chester B. Beaty
Diving with large sharks is becoming more and more attractive to recreational divers worldwide and often involves attracting sharks with food rewards so that tourists can view the animals up close. Although this type of tourism can have important conservation and socio-economic benefits, some are concerned about the possible impacts on the sharks’ behaviour or health. Kátya Abrantes
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