German born, American
Developed theory of relativity (1905);
Nobel prize (1921) for work on the photoelectric effect;
Developed a unified field theory (1929).
Dutch
Wave theory of light (1678);
Refined value of π;
Invented a pendulum clock.
Swedish
Developed a temperature scale (1742) boiling point was 0o, freezing point 100o (later reversed).
Italian
Demonstrated from the Tower of Pisa that bodies of different weights accelerate uniformly (1589);
Discovered the law of the pendulum (1584);
Formed three laws of motion, later studied by Newton.
Austrian
Established the study of the philosophy of science; Eponymous unit relating speed to the velocity of sound.
American
'Father of the Atomic Bomb' who directed the construction of the first a-bomb (1943-45).
American
Discovered the positron, or anti-electron (1932);
Won Nobel Prize (1936);
Discovered the existence of mesons in cosmic rays.
American
Discovered 2 zones of electrically charged particles surrounding earth;
Confirmed his belief of high-energy radiation in nearby space with a counter aboard Explorer IV.
Greek
Devised eponymously named screw;
Wrote On the Sphere and Cylinder;
May have taken the most famous bath in history.
American
Helped prove quantum theory with the discovery that X-rays act as atomic particles, for which he won the Nobel Prize (1927 shared).
American
Won Nobel Prize (1965 shared) for research in quantum electrodynamics;
Worked on the Manhattan project, where he spooked his colleagues who feared espionage, by picking locks and leaving notes amid top secret documents.
Austrian
Co-discovered protactinium (1917);
Developed the theory of fission energy (1939), which helped develop the atomic bomb.
Swiss
Developed theory of the pressure of gases on the walls of a container;
Wrote Hydrodynamica (1738);
Eponymous Law (Principle) on pressure and liquids and gases.
Danish
Magnetic fields surround wires that contain electricity (1819);
Founded the science of electromagnetism (1820), thus establishing the connection between magnetism & electricity;
Unit of magnetic field intensity is named after him.
American
'Father of Modern Rocketry and Space Flight' who launched the first successful liquid fueled rocket (1926).
French
Pioneered work in radioactivity, discovered radium & polonium;
Nobel prize (1903 shared).
New Zealand born and raised, British
'Father of Nuclear Physics' because he formulated the first explanation of radioactivity;
Best known for his description of the nuclear structure of the atom (1911).
German
Discovered a fundamental law of electromagnetic radiation (1859) and used a spectroscope to discover cesium (1860).
English
Discovered the electron (1897);
won Nobel prize (1906) for the study of the conduction of electricity by gases.
American
Proposed the eightfold way, a theoretical system of classifying elementary nuclear particles and their interactions, for which he won the Nobel Prize (1969).
Dutch
Developed the electron theory;
Nobel Prize (1902 shared) for the discovery of the phenomena called the Zeeman effect (the effect of magnetism on light.)
American
Nobel Prize (1956 shared) for work on semiconductors & development of transistors;
Nobel Prize (1972 shared) work on theory of superconductivity.
American
Invented the electric relay (1835) and, in effect, invented the telegraph-his work was not patented, Morse received credit;
discovered the principle of induction.
French
Developed a scale in which the freezing point of water was 0o, and the boiling point, 80o.
American
'Father of the Hydrogen Bomb' (1952) who worked on the Manhattan Project.
English
Discovered electromagnetic induction (1831) and formulated the laws of electrolysis.
English
With his son used x-ray to determine the structure of crystals for which they won the Nobel Prize (1915).
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