Marbury v. ______, 5 U.S. 137 (1803). Established the Supreme Court's power of judicial review over Congress.
McCulloch v. ______, 17 U.S. 316 (1819). Established the federal government's implied powers over the states.
Gibbons v. ______, 22 U.S. 1 (1824). Held that the power to regulate interstate commerce was granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause of the Constitution.
______ v. Sandford, 60 U.S. 393 (1857). Denied citizenship to African American slaves.
Plessy v. ______, 163 U.S. 537 (1896). Upheld 'separate but equal' segregation laws in states.
Lochner v. ______, 198 U.S. 45 (1905). Held that the Constitution bars a state from interfering with an employee's right to contract with employers.
Near v. ______, 283 U.S. 697 (1931). Established that the First Amendment freedom of press protects the press from both federal and state laws.
West Coast Hotel v. ______, 300 U.S. 379 (1937). Upheld the constitutionality of minimum wage legislation enacted by the state.
______ v. Board of Education, 347 U.S. 483 (1954). Declared that state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students are unconstitutional.
Mapp v. ______, 367 U.S. 643 (1961). Held that evidence that is illegally obtained by the state may not be used against a defendant in court.
Baker v. ______, 369 U.S. 186 (1962). Held that redistricting of state legislative districts is not a 'political question', and thus justiciable by the federal courts.
Engel v. ______,370 U.S. 421 (1962). Held that it is unconstitutional for state officials to compose an official school prayer in public schools.
Gideon v. ______, 372 U.S. 335 (1963). Held that criminal defendants have a right to an attorney even if they cannot afford one.
Griswold v. ______, 381 U.S. 479 (1965). Established that the Constitution protected a right to privacy.
Miranda v. ______, 384 U.S. 436 (1966). Held that prisoners must be advised of their rights before being questioned by police.
______ v. Des Moines Held that school dress codes are not in violation of the First Amendment's guarantee of the freedom of expression.
Roe v. ______, 410 U.S. 113 (1973). Held that women have a constitutional right to an abortion during the first two trimesters.
______ v. Johnson, 491 U.S. 397 (1989). Established that the Constitution protects desecration of the American Flag as a form of symbolic speech.
Korematsu v. ______, 323 U.S. 214 (1944). Upheld the constitutionality of Executive Order 9066 which ordered Japanese Americans into internment camps during World War II.
New York Times v. ______, 376 U.S. 254 (1964). Held that a writer cannot be successfully sued by a public figure for libel unless the words are penned with 'knowing falsity' or 'reckless disregard for the truth.'
Loving v. ______, 388 U.S. 1 (1967). Invalidated state laws prohibiting interracial marriage.
Bush v. ______, 531 U.S. 98 (2000). Held that no recount of the 2000 presidential election was feasible in a reasonable time period.
______ v. Heller, 554 U.S, 570 (2008). Ruled that the Second Amendment protects an individuals right to possess a firearm for traditionally lawful purposes.
National Federation of Independent Business v. ______, 567 U.S. ___ (2012). Upheld Congress's power to enact most provisions of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act.
Obergfell v. ______, 576 U.S. ___ (2015). Held that the fundamental right to marry is guaranteed to same-sex couples.
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