1st Persian Empire/founded by Cyrus the Great/largest empire of ancient world/used satraps/Mausoleum at Halicarnassus/fought Greece/big postal-road systems/freed Jews from Babylon
550-330 BC
Hellenistic state founded by member of diadochi after Alexander's death/from Anatolia to Pakistan/fought Ptolemies in Egypt, Chandragupta in India, & Romans/defeated by Parthians
312-63 BC
Seleucid satrapy that rebelled/expanded under Mithridates I/from eastern Turkey to eastern Iran/defeated Roman Crassus at Battle of Carrhae (53BC)
247 BC-224 AD
Last Iranian empire before Muslim conquest/founded by Ardashir I/peak of Iranian civilization/influential culture & art into Europe, India & China/exhausted fighting Byzantines
224-651 AD
Sunni Iranian empire/founded by 4 brothers ruling under Abbasids/became independent under Ismai'il ibn Ahmad/scholars Rudaki, Ferdowsi & Avicenna/capital Bukhara rivaled Baghdad
819-999 AD
Turko-Persian Sunni empire/from Turkey to Hindu Kush/founded by Tughril Beg/named for his grandfather/began around Aral Sea/Alp-Arslan won at Manzikert/Malik Shah I ruled at height
1037-1194 AD
Final Persianate Sunni dynasty before Mongol invasion/founded by Anush Tigin Gharchai (former Turkish slave)
1077-1231 AD
Description
Empire
Date
Mongol khanate ruled by House of Hulagu/founded by Hulagu Khan (grandson of Genghis)/eventually converted to Islam/ravaged by plague outbreaks
1256-1335 (or 1353) AD
Empire founded by Tamurlane/defeated Ottoman Bayezid I at Battle of Ankara (1402)/declined after Tamurlane's death
1370-1507 AD
Beginning of modern Iranian history/began from Safaviyya Sufi order/founded by Shah Ismail I/established Twelver school of Shia/checks & balances in bureaucracy/famous art
1501-1736 AD
Founded by brilliant military commander Nader Shah who deposed last Safavid
1736-1796 AD
Short-lived dynasty founded by Karim Khan/empire slowly collapsed after his death/distinct art/recovered some territory from Ottomans
1750-1794 AD
Ruled Sublime State of Iran/lost vast territories in Caucasus to Russia/Battles of Ganja, Sultanabad/overthrown by Reza Khan
1785-1925 AD
Final ruling dynasty/founded by Reza Khan/changed name to Imperial State of Iran/son Mohammad was overthrown in Iranian Revolution under Ayatollah Khomeini
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