Did research into color blindness/wrote Meteorological Observations and Essays (1793)/credited with developing modern atomic theory
Discovered the law of conservation of mass/the 'father of modern chemistry'/Elementary Treatise of Chemistry included list of known elements before periodic table
Irish chemist who wrote The Sceptical Chymist/largely regarded as 1st modern chemist/discovered the law relating the pressure and volume of a gas
Namesake law was actually 1st published by Gay-Lussac who credited it an unpublished work by this scientist/discovered the law relating the temperature and volume of a gas
Discovered the relationship between the volume of a gas and the total number of gas particles; the constant number of particles per mole of a substance is named for him
Discovered the electron using cathode rays; devised the plum pudding model of the atom
Determined the charge of the electron through his oil drop experiment
Element 104 is named for him/Nobel for Chemistry in 1908/distinguished/named alpha & beta radiation/discovered the nucleus & proton through his gold foil experiment
1935 Nobel Prize in Physics/discovered the neutron in 1932/wrote MAUD report to instigate atomic bomb research/Brit team member for Manhattan project
Best known for his equation of state for liquids and gases, the forces between stable molecules are named for him
Work on nature of heat & mechanical work led to 1st Law of Thermo/Namesake 1st law related current through resistor to heat dissipated/was a brewer/SI unit of energy
Scot who greatly enhanced the effectiveness of the steam engine by adding a separate condenser and adapting it for rotary motion/developed concept of horsepower/SI unit of power
Discovered hydrogen (flammable air)/weighed the earth and determined universal gravitational constant, G, using a torsion balance
Won 1909 Noble Prize in Physics for work in wireless telegraphy/pioneered work in long-distance radio transmission
Polish astronomer who wrote On the Revolutions of the Celestial Sphere which espoused his heliocentric theory/formulated a version of Gresham's law in 1519
German astronomer/proposed 3 laws of planetary motion/assistant to Tycho Brahe/solved sphere packing problem/wrote Mysterium Cosmographicum (heliocentric theory w/Platonic Solids
Danish astronomer & alchemist/wrote Introduction to the New Astronomy & On the New Star/known for his collection of accurate & comprehensive astronomical data
Italian physicist & astronomer/experimented on falling bodies, tried to determine the speed of light, wrote The Starry Messenger, Discourse on the Tides, Two New Sciences
British chemist used electrolysis to separate compounds isolating Na, K, Mg, B, Ba & I/discovered Cl/mentored Faraday/created mining lamp
Top experimentalist/discovered benzene, electromagnetic induction, diamagnetism, electrolysis/namesake cage/SI unit of capacitance
Serbian American who supported AC current in the current wars/namesake coil/278 patents in 26 countries/SI unit of magnetic flux density
The Wizard of Menlo Park/invented phonograph, motion picture camera, incandescent lightbulb/supported DC in current wars
Invented lightning rod, proposed concept of positive/negative charges for electricity
Only American to win the Nobel Prize in Physics twice/one for inventing transistor/other for BCS theory (superconductivity)
Created the first version of the modern periodic table of elements and used it to predict undiscovered elements
Famous for her research on radioactivity for which she won Nobel prizes in physics and chemistry
The founder of quantum theory, he discovered that electromagnetic energy could only be emitted in discrete packets
Theorized that electrons circle the nucleus in discrete orbits; later developed the electron shell model and used it to explain periodicity
Austrian-Swiss physicist/was nominated by Einstein & won a Nobel Prize for his exclusion principle/began spin theory
First suggested the existence of isotopes
Described electrons as wave functions instead of point particles; devised a famous cat-related thought experiment
Devised quantum theory's uncertainty principle
This Frenchman postulated particle-wave duality
Opponent of Jewish persecution by Nazis, this German won a Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1944 for the discovery of nuclear fission/often called the 'Father of Nuclear Chemistry'
Though she discovered nuclear fission alongside another person in this quiz, she was overlooked by the Nobel committee for purely personal reasons
Remembered as one of the two fathers of the atomic bomb for his work on the Manhattan Project, he created the first nuclear reactor to initiate a self-sustained chain reaction
2nd father of atomic bomb/worked on Manhattan Project/quoted Bhagavad Gita: 'Now, I am become Death, the destroyer of worlds'/opponent of 2nd Red Scare/security clearance revoked
Won a Nobel Prize for his research on transuranium elements, ten of which he discovered
Famous for his diagrams, he also pioneered quantum computing
The 'God particle,' the 'most sought-after particle in modern physics,' is named after this man
Perhaps the most famous scientist of all time, many remember his equation, E=mc^2. However, he won his Nobel Prize for his work on the photoelectric effect.
Nazi rocket scientist/developed V-2 for Nazis and Saturn V for NASA
Scottish physicist who formulated a comprehensive theory of electromagnetism with his namesake equations/wrote A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field
Brit who worked at the Royal Mint/called calculus 'fluxions'/binomial theorem, reflecting telescope, wrote Hypothesis of Light, formulated laws of motion and univ gravitation
Brit who made great discoveries after leaving Cambridge during a plague outbreak/derived Kepler's Laws mathematically/wrote Principia Mathematica & Opticks (had a color wheel)
Brit Renaissance scientist called 'Father of Empiricism'/developed scientific method/wrote Novum Organum, The New Atlantis, & Valerius Terminus
1st inactivated Polio vaccine/trials included 20,000 physicians, 64,000 school personnel, & 1.8 million children/wrote Man Unfolding (1972), Survival of the Wisest (1973)
'Father of Immunology'/Pioneer of 1st vaccine (for smallpox) by proving that cowpox pus could inoculate people against smallpox
1901 Nobel Prize in Physics for discovery of X-rays/element 111 is named for him
Did considerable surveying work for rebuilding of London after Great Fire/namesake law for linear springs, worked in astronomy & microscopy, discovered cells, disliked Newton
Computed orbit for namesake comet/2nd Astronomer Royal of UK
Meteorologist who led expeditions to Greenland/advanced theory of continental drift in 1912 which was controversial until the 1950's
Worked with Bunsen to discover cesium and rubidium/formulated laws bearing his name in thermochemistry and electrical circuits/coined term 'black body' radiation
Early Swedish chemist created chemical abbreviations, discovered Si, Se, Th, Ce/coined protein, polymer, isomer, catalysis, allotrope
Italian physicist wrote On the Attractive Force of Electric Fire (1769)/was made a count by Napoleon in 1810/invented the voltaic pile, the 1st battery (using copper & zinc)
French physicist was early founder of electomagnetism/taught at l'Ecole Polytechnique/SI unit for current
Credited with launching the first liquid-fueled rocket in 1926/wrote A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes
1st Astronomer Royal of England/catalogued over 3000 stars
French physicist developed namesake law to calculate the force between 2 static charges/SI unit for charge
American cytogeneticist/won 1983 Nobel Prize for Physiology/Medicine for work with maize chromosomes
Greek head librarian at Alexandria/measured circumference of earth by measuring the distance from Syene to Alexandria/invented study of geography/namesake prime number sieve
Wrote articles on bacteriology, immunology, & chemotherapy/discovered lysozyme/Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1945 w/H Florey and EB Chain for discovering penicillin
American chemist & peace activist after WWII/Nobel Prize in Chem (1954)/Nobel Peace Prize (1962)/namesake electronegativity scale from 0 to 4/a founder of quantum chem & molec bio
Ancient Greek pre-Socratic philosopher & traveler/mentored by Leucippus whose atomic theory he elaborated in greater detail
Destroyed the theory of 'vitalism' or 'vital force' by synthesizing an organic compound (urea) from inorganic material (ammonium cyanate)/mentored by Berzelius
American physicist who entered Yale at 15/1969 Nobel Prize for Physics for elementary particle research/named quarks
Ranked as 1 of the top 3 mathematicians/native of Syracuse opposed Romans with terrifying machines/defined law of buoyancy//wrote Sand Reckoner & Quadrature of the Parabola
British mathematician cracked German Enigma machine at Bletchley Park during WWII/created computer language/'Father of Computer Science' & artificial intelligence/namesake machine
American physicist who discovered electromagnetic induction at the same time as Faraday/developed electromagnet, electric relay, & electric doorbell/SI unit of inductance
German physicist who w/Gauss invented electromagnetic telegraph/1st to use c for speed of light/SI unit of magnetic flux
Geneticist who connected chromosomes to heredity/worked w/fruit flies/Fly Room at Columbia U/Nobel Prize 1933/from KY
Female Brit X-ray crystallographer whose X-ray diffraction work led to discovery of double helix DNA/work was shown to Crick w/out permission/not credited w/discovery at the time
French chemist w/namesake law relating volumes of gases/determined composition of water/discovered Boron
American physician-geneticist who led the Human Genome Project/current director of National Institutes of Health/wrote The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief
American biochemist, geneticist, & entrepreneur/one of the first to sequence human genome, first to transfect a cell with a synthetic genome/founded Celera Genomics
German winner of 1905 Nobel for Medicine/founded bacteriology/namesake Postulates-4 principles linking microorganisms to disease/identified cause of tuberculosis, cholera, anthrax
British biochemist/won 1952 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for the invention of partition chromatography with Archer Martin
Duo which proposed the evolutionary theory of Punctuated Equilibrium in 1972/one was Harvard biologist & other was paleontologist
18th-century Brit theologian, chemist, & political theorist/credited w/discovery of oxygen (along w/Scheele & Lavoisier) which he called 'dephlogisticated air' & soda water
1st American woman in space (1978)/youngest American astronaut/PhD in physics from Stanford/investigated Challenger & Columbia shuttle disasters
German physicist/mathematician who first stated the 2nd Law of Thermodynamics in On the Moving Force of Heat (1850)/introduced concept of entropy
French oceanographer known for educational programs on pollution and the ocean/co-inventor of the Aqua Lung
Austrian physicist & philosopher/developed statistical mechanics/Prof & later president of University of Graz/didn't get along w/Mach, equation for entropy is on his gravestone
Austrian physicist & philosopher/studied shock waves/influenced positivism & pragmatism/namesake number gives ratio to speed of sound/The Science of Mechanics/Knowledge & Error
Arab philosopher (965-1040AD) known as father of experimental physics, modern optics, & scientific methodology/regarded as 1st theoretical physicist & 1st to use scientific method
Brit physician (1813-1858)/leader in adoption of anesthesia & medical hygiene/Father of Modern Epidemiology b/c of work tracing source of Soho, London cholera outbreak (1854)
Dutch biologist who discovered photosynthesis/also discovered plants have cellular respiration/vaccinated Habsburg's against smallpox/physician to Empress Maria Theresa
Swedish botanist, zoologist, & physician/created binomial nomenclature/Father of Modern Taxonomy/wrote Systema Naturae
1650-1715/English inventor who created the 1st commercially use steam powered device/pump used to drain mines/made public water supply practical
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