Consists of mesangial cells, JG cells (modified smooth muscle of afferent arteriole) and the macula densa (NaCl sensor, located at distal end of loop of Henle).
JG cells secrete renin in response torenal blood pressure and sympathetic tone (β1). Macula densa cells senseNaCl delivery to DCTrenin releaseefferent arte
JGA maintains GFR via renin-angiotensin- aldosterone system.
In addition to vasodilatory properties, β-blockers can decrease BP by inhibiting β1-receptors of the JGArenin release.
Released by interstitial cells in peritubular capillary bed in response to hypoxia.
Stimulates RBC proliferation in bone marrow. Erythropoietin often supplemented in chronic kidney disease.
PCT cells convert 25-OH vitamin D3 to 1,25- (OH)2 vitamin D3 (calcitriol, active form).
Paracrine secretion vasodilates the afferent arterioles toRBF.
constriction of afferent arteriole andGFR; this may result in acute renal failure in low renal blood flow states.
Secreted by PCT cells, promotes natriuresis. At low doses, dilates interlobular arteries, afferent arterioles, efferent arterioles
Increased RBF, little or no change in GFR. At higher doses, acts as vasoconstrictor.
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