Anti-apartheid politician and revolutionary; first South African president chosen by a fully representative democratic election.
Ghanaian diplomat who was U.N. Secretary-General from 1997 to 2006.
Rebel leader who fought against white minority rule in Rhodesia; ruler of Zimbabwe 1980 to 2017.
Emperor of Ethiopia from 1930 to 1974; deposed in a communist-led coup d'état.
Kenyan conservationist and feminist; 2004 Nobel Peace Prize laureate.
Senegalese poet, politician, and intellectual; first president of Senegal; advocate of African Socialism.
South African doctor who performed the world's first successful human-to-human heart transplant.
First president of Ghana; vocal proponent of Pan-Africanism.
19th century Ethiopian emperor who unified the country, ending the 'Zemene Mesafint,' or 'Era of Princes.'
Leader of the unrecognized, de facto independent, predominantly white government of Rhodesia in the 1960s and 1970s.
Long-time Libyan dictator; killed during a 2011 uprising.
Nigerian author; first African to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature.
Leader of the non-violent movement on behalf of the Ogoni people of Nigeria, whose homeland suffered environmental degradation due to oil extraction; executed in 1995.
Hall of fame basketball player from the DRC; noted for his humanitarian work, including working for public health causes in his native country.
Influential monarch of the Zulu Kingdom; ruled from 1816 to 1828.
Igbo freed slave whose autobiography was highly influential in the British abolitionist movement.
14th century Emperor of Mali who gave away so much gold during his pilgrimage to Mecca that he caused a dramatic drop in the metal's price in the Middle East.
Long-time Egyptian president; ousted by Arab Spring protests in 2011.
Ottoman commander who declared himself Khedive of Egypt; often considered the founder of modern Egypt.
Leader of Tanganyika, and then Tanzania, from 1960 to 1985; promoted the concept of 'ujamaa.'
First democratically-elected leader of the DRC; assassinated in a 1960 coup d'état.
Egyptian pharaoh who led military expeditions into Nubia and the Levant; considered among the most powerful pharaohs in history.
Egyptian pharaoh from the 15th century BCE; longest-reigning female pharaoh in Ancient Egypt.
19th and early 20th century leader of the Boers of South Africa; fled the country during the Second Boer War.
President of Egypt from 1956 to 1970; advocate of pan-Arab unity.
Burkinabé Marxist and Pan-Africanist revolutionary; often referred to as 'Africa's Che Guevara.'
Ugandan dictator whose official title included the phrase 'Lord of All the Beasts of the Earth and Fishes of the Seas.'
Liberian peace activist; instrumental in the nonviolent women's movement that helped end the Liberian Civil War; 2011 Nobel Peace Prize laureate.
Anti-apartheid activist and founder of the Black Consciousness Movement; died in police custody in 1977.
Early hominid who lived in modern-day Ethiopia about 3.2 million years ago, and whose fossilized remains were found in 1974.
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