Basic Neuroscience

Can you name the names and functions of the different parts of the brain?

By dashapir
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HintAnswerExtra Info
RNA-Synthesizing EnzymeBinds at Promoter
Stacks of Disc-Shaped Membrane
Region of Contact Where a Neuron Transfers Info to Another Cell
Little Membrane Balloons (Organelle)Used to transport proteins
Nervous System Within ANS'Rest and Digest'
Various Polypeptides Bonded Together to Form a Larger Protein
All Axons Have:An end; have vesicles that carry neurotransmitters
The Regions of a Primary RNA Transcript Not Used to Code Protein
Transmembrane Protein That Removes Intracellular Na and Concentrates Intracellular KUses energy in the form of ATP
Relative Ability of an Electrical Charge to Migrate from One Point to AnotherRepresented by g (Siemens, or S)
Process or Intron Removal
Branch Coming off the Soma that has 2 Types
Brain and Spinal Chord
All Axons Have:A beginning
Neuron With 2 Neurites
'Antennae'; Receives Incoming Signals
Contained Within PNSControls sensation and motion
States That Nerves Can Only Carry Information Unidirectionally
The Movement of Electrical ChargeRepresented by I (amps)
Purple Stain Showing Cell BodiesDoesn't show anything other than location of cell bodies
Used to Calculate RMP
Take in mRNA and Synthesize ProteinEither free-floating or associated with Rough ER
Largest Cytoskeleton ComponentThick hollow pipes made of tubulin; used for transport
Double-Stranded, Antiparallel Nucleotide Polymer
3-Dimensional Folding of a Polypeptide
Glial Cell; Forms Myelin in PNSAsymmetrical; cleans up damage by guiding axons to re-grow and re-connect
Glial Cell; Defensive Function; Protects against invading organisms
Central Dogma Process of RNA SynthesisInitiated at the promoter region; stopped at the terminator region
The Wires that Carry Neuron OutputBundles of fibers that make up nerves; variances in diameter affect speed of transfer
Membrane Voltage Maintained by a Cell When not Generating Action PotentialsNeurons have one of -65mV
Hollow Spaces Inside the Braincause muscles to move and contain fluid
HintAnswerExtra Info
Transport from Dendrites to SomaTravels via chynein 'feet' on microtubules
Process of Destroying Pieces of Brain Tube Led to discovery of different sections of the brain
Water-LovingPolar
Central Dogma Process Protein SynthesisFollows genetic instructions carried by mRNA
Bumps of the Surface of the Brain
Nerve Split Towards the Back of the Spinal CordCarries information from the body to the brain
Chemicals Released From Presynaptic NeuronsElicits a response in the postsynaptic neuron
Transmembrane Protein That is Always Open for Transport
Chemical Force that Makes Ions MoveDown the concentration gradient
Front Section of the Brainsoft and squishy, controls sensory information
Glial Cell; Secretes Cerebrospinal FluidLines the walls of the ventricles in the brain
Regions of RNA Used in Coding
The Potential of the Cell at Which There is No Net Movement of Ions
ER Studded with Ribosomes Used for protein synthesis
Sections of DNA Containing Information Needed for Polypeptide Chains
Glial Cell; Nutritive and Support FunctionsStar-shaped and symmetrical; surround and isolate synapses; control fluid around neurons; clean up debris and fill area with glia
Wires Made of Bunches of Fibers
An Unequal Distribution of the Charge Across a Molecule
Theory That Each Brain Cell is an Individual CellProposed by Cajal; neurons are separated by synapses
Very Deep Groove
The Relative Inability of an Electrical Charge to MigrateRepresented by R, measured in Ohms
Transport from Soma to TerminalsTravels via kinesin 'feet' on microtubules
String of Amino AcidsChain larger than 20 = a protein!
Positively Charged Atoms or Molecules
Transmembrane Protein That is Gated or Non-Gated
Structure of NeuronProtein strands that give the neuron shape; has 3 parts
Medium Cytoskeleton ComponentForm a lattice structure used for strength
Back Section of the BrainFirm, used for muscle control
Makes Signals Travel Faster Down an AxonSticky-Notes wrapped around a pencil
All Nervous Tissues(i.e. everything else)
An Even Distribution of the Charge Across a Molecule
HintAnswerExtra Info
Transport Along Microtubules
Grooves on the Surface of the Brain
Electrical Force that Makes Ions Move
Nervous System Within ANS'Fight or Flight'
Glial Cell; Forms Myelin Around Axons in Brain & Spinal CordAsymmetrical
Transmembrane Protein That Actively Transports IonsUse ATP
Supporting Cells Glue vital to nervous system; 5 major types
Neuron With 1 Neurite
Ohm's Law
Membrane Formed by Hydrophobic Tails and Hydrophilic HeadsForms a barrier to water-soluble ions
Nerve Split Towards the Front of the Spinal CordCarries information from the brain to the body
Inner Matter of the Brain
Used to Calculate Equilibrium Potential
Outer Matter of the Brain
All Axons Have:A middle
Long Strands of Protein Within the NucleusContain DNA
Produce ATPFats, carbs, proteins, and oxygen go in; ATP comes out
Neuron With 3 or More Neurites
Silver Stain Showing Entire Cell Body and Neurites
Coiling of a Polypeptide into an Alpha-Helix
Electrical Potential The force exerted on a charged particle
Negatively Charged Atoms or Molecules
Specialized Gap Between NeuronsWhere 2 neurons communicate
Water-HatingNonpolar
String of Polypeptides
Smallest Cytoskeleton ComponentMade of actin; forms a network beneath the cell membrane
Contained Within PNSControls breathing, heart rate, and digestion
Theory That Brain Cells are a Continuous MassProposed by Golgi (he was wrong)
Stacks of Disc-Shaped MembranesUsed to wrap and package proteins
Cellular Fluid Within the Neuron
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Greek History (5th and 4th centuries BCE)
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