A procedure during which an animal or person learns to associate a reflect response with a new stimulus.
A relatively permanent change in behaviour due to experience.
Learning due to the consequences of behaviour, through positive or negative reinforcement.
A persistent & irrational fear of an object, activity or situation. The typical symptoms are intense feelings of fear and anxiety to avoid the object, activity or situation.
A stimulus that weakens behaviour because it is unpleasant and we try to avoid it.
The steps in the procedure to condition a new response
The response that is learnt; it now occurs when the CS is presented, such as Pavlov's dog's salivation.
A new stimulus presented with the UCS, such as the bell in Pavlov's experiment.
(With reference to conditioning) The conditioned response is only produced when a specific stimulus is presented.
A conditioned response dies out.
The conditioned response is produced when a similar stimulus to the original conditioned stimulus is presented.
A conditioned response that has disappeared suddenly appears again.
The reflex response to an unconditioned stimulus, such as Pavlov's dog's salivation.
Definition
Key Term
The stimulus that produces a reflex response, such as the food for Pavlov's dog.
A treatment for phobias in which the person is taught to relax and is then gradually exposed to the feared object, activity or event.
A treatment for phobias that involves the immediate exposure of the person to the feared object, activity or event until there is no fear response.
A treatment for addictions, such as drug and alcohol dependency, which makes the addict have an extremely negative reaction to the addictive substance.
Behaviours that are followed by rewards are usually repeated; those that are punished are not usually repeated.
A consequence of behaviour that encourages or strengthens a behaviour. This might be seen as a reward.
A reward or pleasant consequence that increases the likelihood that a behaviour or reaction will be repeated.
When an unpleasant experience is removed after a behaviour or action has been made. This increases the likelihood of that behaviour or action being repeated.
Changing behaviour in small steps.
A series of feared events ranked from least frightening to most frightening.
A reward, such as food or water,that the animal or person needs in order to survive.
A reward, such as money or a token, that the animal or person can exchange for a primary reinforcer.
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