| Question | Answer |
|---|
| reflex arc that involves vagus as the afferent input to the CNS as well as the output to enteric nervous system | |
| neurotransmitter of post ganglionic parasympathetic fibers | |
| parasympathetic control of the upper GI | |
| How frequently does the MMC occur in the absence of food? | |
| T/F: Substance P and acetylcholine act to modulate GI function by inducing hyperpolarization in the post-synaptic cells of the GI. | |
| name the 2 ganglia that have sympathetic control of the lower GI tract | |
| stool frequenct of < 3 times per week | |
| T/F: Sympathetic modulation of the distal GI tract occurs through the pelvic splanchnic nerves. | |
| 2 inhibitory neurotransmitters that modulate function of the GI tract | |
| Important for keeping the GI tract clear of harmful bacteria or residual foodstuffs in the absence of food | |
| Gastroesophageal Reflus disease occurs because of dysfunction to which structure? | |
| 2 excitatory neurotransmitters that modulate function of the GI tract | |
| T/F: The hypogastric nerve provides inhibitory input (via a adrenergic) to circular smooth muscle layer and stimulatory input to the longitudinal layer of the GI | |
| cells that serve as pacemaker cells,which regulate membrane potential of BER | |
| controls external anal sphincter | |
| T/F: Adaptive relaxation accounts for the stomach's ability to accommodate an increase in volume without a change in pressure. | |
| medical term for inability to swallow | |
| /The hypogastric nerve causes _____ (contraction or relaxation) of the internal anal sphincter through a adrenergic receptors. | |
| t/F: The esophagus, colon, and migrating motor complex have long peristaltic waves, while most peristaltic waves are short | |
| the meissner's plexus is located in which layer of the GI tract wall? | |
| arresting the segmentation of the GI tract is known as what? | |
| only occurs in the absence of food | |
| Has a transit time of 1 to 5 hours | |
| contraction of this layer of smooth muscle causes a shortening of a segment of the GI tract | |
| Which structure maybe involved in dysphagia | |
| T/F the sympathetic nervous system promotes GI function, whereas the parasympathetic nervous system inhibits it. | |
| plexus primarily controls secretion and blood flow. It also receives sensory information from chemo and mechano receptors | |
