Science Quiz / GI Nervous System & Motility

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Can you name the GI Nervous System & Motility?

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Question	Answer
T/F:At least 50% of stomach contents are released in 24-48 hours.
Vagovagal reflex from stomach that tells the small intestine to contract
name the 2 ganglia that are responsible for sympathetic control of the upper GI
T/F: The Lower esophageal spincter is voluntarily controlled.
the meissner's plexus is located in which layer of the GI tract wall?
T/F: Substances move uniformly through the digestive tract,.
t/F: Sensory input from the internal anal sphincter occurs via the pelvic splanchnic nerves.
spinal root levels of the parasympathetic control of the lower GI
only occurs in the absence of food
T/F: The hypogastric nerve provides inhibitory input (via a adrenergic) to circular smooth muscle layer and stimulatory input to the longitudinal layer of the GI
sensory input from the stomach upto the emetic center of the brain occurs primarily via the ____ nerve.
T/F: Sympathetic modulation of the distal GI tract occurs through the pelvic splanchnic nerves.
Has a transit time of 1 to 5 hours
T/F: Rapid segmentation occurs at the distal end of the GI tract.
name the 2 ganglia that have sympathetic control of the lower GI tract
T/F: The sympathetic nervous system provides a low tonic inhibition of the GI tract, while the parasympathetic has a large influence on promoting GI activity
Which structure maybe involved in dysphagia
The signal from the interstitial cells of Cajal propagates to the smooth muscle cells through which intercellular junctions?
difficulty swallowing
emesis =
a single continuous electrical wave that sweeps one way distally from the stomach that affects all muscles of the GI tract
cells that acts as mediators to modify motor signals among smooth muscle layers and neurons that control motility (submucosal and myenteric plexuses)
T/F: Substance P and acetylcholine act to modulate GI function by inducing hyperpolarization in the post-synaptic cells of the GI.
Which hormone is responsible for inducing vomiting?
sphincter important for the initiation of swallowing
T/F: activation of the enterochromaffin cells leads to release of serotonin which causes the vomiting reflex
Important for keeping the GI tract clear of harmful bacteria or residual foodstuffs in the absence of food

Question	Answer
autonomous nervous sytem within the wall of the GI tract that controls secretions, motor activity, sphincters and blood vessels
T/F: Adaptive relaxation accounts for the stomach's ability to accommodate an increase in volume without a change in pressure.
controls external anal sphincter
The gastrocolic reflex is mediated via which nerve (efferent limb)?
This disorder is characterized by heartburn. Occurs due to HCl irritation of esophageal lining
neurotransmitter of post ganglionic sympathetic fibers
the ____ control of the GI tract arises primarily from the superior cervical ganglion, celiac ganglion, superior and inferior mesenteric ganglia.
arresting the segmentation of the GI tract is known as what?
medical term for inability to swallow
cells that serve as pacemaker cells,which regulate membrane potential of BER
Gastroesophageal Reflus disease occurs because of dysfunction to which structure?
T/F: The vasovagal reflex is important in gastric accommodation.
parasympathetic control of the upper GI
Which plexus is continuous throughout the GI tract?
lower 2/3rds of the esophagus is made of ____ muscle.
The pelvic splanchnic nerves cause contraction of the longitudinal smooth muscle layer and relaxtion of the internal anal sphincter through which type of cholinergic receptor?
contraction of this layer of smooth muscle causes a decrease in diameter of the lumen of the GI
During peristalsis, acetylcholine and substance P at _____ (upstream or downstream) of bolus to initiate contraction.
are mesenchymal non-neuronal tissue of origin
efferents of the vagus nerve arise from which nucleus
contraction of this layer of smooth muscle causes a shortening of a segment of the GI tract
has a transit time of 24-48 hours
t/F: The esophagus, colon, and migrating motor complex have long peristaltic waves, while most peristaltic waves are short
plexus primarily controls secretion and blood flow. It also receives sensory information from chemo and mechano receptors
T/F: The change in the electrical potential of the interstitial cells of Cajal translate into the change of smooth muscle contraction of the GI tract.
Where is the MMC initiated?
reflex that occurs when there is something in your stomach and efferent signals tell the large intestine to initiate activity

Question	Answer
During peristalsis, NO and VIP at _____ (upstream or downstream) of bolus to initiate contraction.
How frequently does the MMC occur in the absence of food?
Which cells release serotonin to induce vomiting?
T/F: Although the enteric nervous system can act autonomously, the central nervous system acts to modulate the activity of the GI tract.
occurs when the lower esophageal sphincter fails to relax normally due to degeneration of the myenteric and/or dorsal motor nucleus or Vagus nerve
2 excitatory neurotransmitters that modulate function of the GI tract
upper 3rd of the esophagus is made of ____ muscle
T/F: Activation of nicotinic cholinergic receptors on the myenteric plexus enhance smooth muscle activity
2 inhibitory neurotransmitters that modulate function of the GI tract
this division of the CNS projects to the GI tract from the medulla and the sacral spinal cord
stool frequenct of < 3 times per week
What hormone is involved in initiating the MMC?
located between the circular and longitudinal smooth muscle layers
Which receptor for serotonin is involved in the vomiting response?
Which layer of smooth muscle causes segmentation?
When threshold is reached in the interstitial cells of Cajal, voltage gated ___ channels are opened, initiating depolarization, in the smooth muscle.
T/F; High fat diet, chocolate, peppermint, alcohol and smoking can cause an increase in occurence oif GERD.
/The hypogastric nerve causes _____ (contraction or relaxation) of the internal anal sphincter through a adrenergic receptors.
T/F the sympathetic nervous system promotes GI function, whereas the parasympathetic nervous system inhibits it.
this plexus primarily controls the motility of the GI tract
stool frequency of > 3 times pre day
Which 2 nervous controls are important for gastric accommodation?
reflex arc that involves vagus as the afferent input to the CNS as well as the output to enteric nervous system
neurotransmitter of post ganglionic parasympathetic fibers
T/F: The internal anal sphincter receives both sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation
chemoreceptor trigger zone is located in the ___ ventricle

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Created Mar 25, 2012
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