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Science Quiz / OSstudyGuide

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Can you name the OSstudyGuide?

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Question:
flipping of P's in reader/writer semaphore problem results in _____
Three operations on condition variables:
For every interrupt, there's a fixed mem location for ______
This is when you create a number of threads in a pool where they await work:
variables shared between multiple processes are called
The two methods for the birth of a process:
______ operations must be performed entirely or not at all
As a resource manager, what are the OS's main concerns?
Desirable properties of an ME mechanism? (4)
This is a type of synchronous interrupt caused by an exceptional condition (internal event). Results in switch to kernel mode.
this is when you use atomic ops to ensure correct cooperation between processes
Contents of CPU: (4 parts)
What are the 3 main OS roles?
This is the basic unit of CPU utilization; has PC, regs, stack; same address space, open files, signal handlers as process
Code + Data + Stack + Heap are typically referred to as
In this mode, the executing code has no ability to directly access hardware or reference memory. Code running in *** must delegate to system APIs to access hardware or memory. Due
This type of process's state is not shared in any way with other processes
How many processes can be active in a monitor at a time?
define broadcast() in the context of a monitor:
where do we find the process state?
______ is when the OS saves the state (PC, PSW, regs) of a process and then restores the state of another process (ie. a process that is in the ready state)
This type of process shares states with other processes
main advantage of multiprogramming?
CPU can only be doing one thing at a time: if user process is executing, the dispatcher______ (OS has lost control)
define signal() in the context of a monitor:
This is when each user-level thread goes to a distinct kernel thread; creating/switching in this case is more costly, but allows for more flexible scheduling
This is an atomic operation that increments the semaphore S by 1
What are these conditions: 1)on signal, signaller keeps monitor lock 2) awakened process waits for monitor lock w/ no special priority
What are the three elements of locking?
Question:
What are the correctness criteria for P/V bounded-buffer problem?
What are the 3 classic problems of synchronization?
PCB contents (7 sectors, last is '...')
This consists of a lock and zero or more condition variables for managing concurrent access to shared data
This is the section of the code, or collection of operations, in which only one process may be executing at a given time
what is a process?
What do you call performing activities one after another?
Each process has a ____ ____ of control
Two ways to implement a thread library: 1) library entirely in ____ ____ and 2) a _____-level lib supported by ___
A thread pool advantage is that it is faster to service a request on an _____ thread rather than ____ ___ ____ ____
These were designed to handle asynchronous (possibly external) exents. (ie. disk i/o completion, message arival on a network)
This is a queue of threads waiting for something inside the CS. (contrasts semaphores, which can't wait inside the CS)
There is no history when using monitors/semaphores?
When should an OS perform context switching?
define wait() in the context of a monitor:
With respect to monitors, why do we use if instead of while in queue handling?
What are the OS design approaches?
Two reasons you might want to allow cooperating processes?
these are internal variables only accessible by code within a procedure
this is a semaphore that is restricted to locked/unlocked, 0/1, available/unavailable, etc.
What are the two functions served by semaphores?
Type of semaphore whose integer variable can range over an unrestricted domain
Components of a program, called sectors: (4)
Interrupts are _____ while the first interrupt is being processed
Independent processes are ______ & ______ and scheduling _____ affect the result
what are the process states? (alpha)
This is a high-level data abstraction tool that provides a convenient and effective mechanism for process synchronization
Advantages of using Process (2):
How does a monitor handle ME?
Question:
This is an integer variable that can be accessed only through two atomic operations, P() and V(). (invented by Dijkstra)
What happens if the mutex is intialized to zero?
______ & _____ are atomic operations in almost all systems
This is when the user decides which threads map to distinct kernel threads and which share
interrupts are handled at ______
These mechanisms ensure that only one process is doing certain things at once (others are excluded)- most of these include a locking mechanism
Disadvantages of using Process (2):
Name the system call: when called with an executable as parameter, the calling process is overwritten by the process created to run this executable
In this mode, the executing code has complete and unrestricted access to the underlying hardware. It can execute any CPU instruction and reference any memory address
Cooperating processes are ______ & _____ and scheduling ____ affect the result
This is when all threads share common kernel thread (and time slice of the process)
 
This is when the output of a function is unexpectedly and critically dependent on the timing of events:
Only the order of ____ is important, interms of atomic operations on semaphores.
mutual exclusion within a monitor IS/IS NOT ensured
This contains execution state and scheduling info and is abbrev. TCB:
Given an atomic operation, you can use it to: (2)
How does a monitor handle scheduling?
______ can result in a gross misuse of CPU resources when there is I/O.
after ______, control returns back to next instruction in the program (ret. address- the PC at that point- is pushed onto stack)
When you map user-level threads to kernel threads, this is of the _______ model
This is a mechanism for ensuring processes in the critical section execute in nonoverlapping time intervals
This is an atomic operation that waits for a semaphore to become positive, then decrements it by 1
What is a process in reference to a thread?
What are the hardware protection features of an OS?
context switching is ______; processes are not aware that they are being switched.
Name the system call: a duplicate of the calling process is created (child process) and both processes execute the next instruction after the fork
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