| Question | Answe |
|---|
| Caused by fusiform rods and spirochetes. Unilateral dysphagia, fetid breath odor, unilateral exudate coated ulcer appears on palatine tonsil. Treated by cautery and antibiotics. | |
| Acute cough is less than ___ weeks in duration. | |
| Risk factors include tumor, coagulation disorders, warfarin, steroids, trauma, surgery, or steroid use. | |
| Severe inflammation/marked edema of the pharynx and a laryngeal inlet. Causative organisms are Hib, Pneumococcus, and Beta-hemolytic streptococci. | |
| Infection of the perichondrium most often caused by Pseudomonas Aeruginosa. Can occur after trauma, surgery, burns. | |
| Name a treatment for Chronic Otitis Media. | |
| Physical exam findings: thick white keratinous malodorous debris in canal, No fluid behind the TM, NEVER extends off the ear. | |
| Name a topical treatment for Otitis Externa. | |
| Presenting symptoms are ear pain, characteristic burning/buzzing sensation often in the absence of physical findings. | |
| Fleshy outgrowths of the nasal mucosa. Predisposing factors are allergic rhinitis, CF, chronic aspirin use, and asthma. | |
| Name the treatment for nasal polyps. | |
| Amoxicillin given to patient with infectious mononucleosis results in a pseudoallergic _______. | |
| Keratinous squamous epithelium found in abnormal location. Desctruction of bone via an inflammatory osteoclastic process. | |
| Presenting symptoms include fever, otalgia, decreased auditory acuity, pressure feeling in the ear, and otorrhea if perforation occurs. | |
| Most often due to inadequate middle ear ventilation. | |
| Viruses such as RSV cause 45-70% of ______. | |
| Causative organisms are Pseudomonas (95-99%) or Fungal (less than 5%). | |
| Non-intact tympanic membrane (perforated eardrum) and discharge (otorrhea) for at least the preceding two weeks. Presenting symptoms include chronic drainage & foul-smelling fluid. | |
| _______ treatment is surgical intervention to halt the bony destruction. Tympanoplasty- put a cadaver TM to improve hearing. | |
| Presenting symptoms include facial pain, pressure sensation in the forehead, behind eyes, and cheeks. This worsens when bending over. | |
| If this is suspected, CT of the head will clear the diagnosis: clouding of the mastoid air cells, erosion of the structure of the mastoid bones. | |
| Treatment for Mastoiditis. | |
| Occurs commonly in 60% of adults at some time in life. Female predominance after age 49, possibly relating to decreased estrogen levels. | |
| Treatment of Herpes Zoster Oticus includes systemic _________ if facial nerve palsy is present. | |
| Chronic cough is more than _____ weeks in duration. | |
| Physical exam findings: Retracted tympanic membrane, No movement or reverse movement with insufflator, and conductive hearing loss (256 or 512hz tuning forks) | |
| Also known as peritonsillar abscess. Most often caused by group A beta hemolytic streptococcus. | |
| Diagnostic criteria for Acute bacterial tonsillitis are fever, cervical lymphadenopathy, and whitish plaque on ________. | |
| Name a causative organism for Acute tonsillitis. | |
| Physical exam findings: Erythematous, bulging TM and effusion behind the membrane. | |
| | Question | Answe |
|---|
| Pseudocyst associated with the sublingual glands and submandibular ducts. Appear as blue, fluctuant swellings lateral to midline in the lower mouth. | |
| Name a complication of nasal polyps. | |
| Physical exam findings: generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hepatomegaly. | |
| Name a complication of Mastoiditis. | |
| Name a complication of Acute and Chronic Otitis Media. | |
| Antibiotics should be reserved in sinusitis if symptoms persist or worsen beyond _____ days of conservative management. | |
| ______ Rhinitis is runny nose not due to allergy. Triggers include cigarette, perfumes, and changes in temperature. | |
| Presenting symptoms include otalgia exacerbated by jaw movement, fullness in the ear, itching of the ear canal, otorrhea, decreased auditory acuity, fever is rare. | |
| Name a complication of Infectious mononucleosis. | |
| Occurs very frequently in children due to the shortness and the angle of the immature Eustachian tube. | |
| Presenting symptoms: tonsillitis, fatigue, anorexia, fever, headache, limb pain and myalgia. | |
| Caused by reactivation of prior infection with Varicella Zoster Virus in ganglion cells. Affects CNVII and CNVIII. | |
| Nose picking is the most common cause. Other causes are mucosal hyperemia due to allergic or viral rhinitis, facial trauma, or foreign body. | |
| Treatment is observation for 2 weeks, Nasal steroids for 4-6 weeks to help decompress Eustachian tube (mainstay). Antibiotics if steroids doesn't work. | |
| Presenting symptoms: fever/chills, sore throat, drooling, trismus (difficulty opening mouth) due to pain, tender cervical lymphadenopathy. | |
| Physical exam findings: Inflamed and erythematous skin of the auditory meatus; white, yellow or black membrane lining ear canal. | |
| Anterior Epistaxis occur in ______ plexus, the region of the vascular waterbed area of the nasal septum. | |
| Kissing disease caused by EBV. Has an incubation period of 7-9 days. | |
| Facial nerve palsy or sudden hearing loss with inflammatory changes of the ear should make you consider ________. | |
| Name a DDx for Acute tonsillitis. | |
| Presenting symptoms are rapid onset of high fever, hoarseness, 'hot potato' voice, child will often sit forward to aid breathing. Classic 'THUMBPRINT' sign. | |
| Treatment of ______ include watchful waiting for 48-72 hours if caused by a virus. Penicillin is first line therapy. | |
| Classic Triad of Mastoiditis include 1)prominent auricle with retroauricular swelling, 2) tenderness in the mastoid region, and 3)______ | |
| Causes and risk factors include Eustachian tube dysfunction, allergic upper respiratory disease, bacterial sinusitis, residual otitis media, cleft palate, and polyps. | |
| Look for fluid behind the TM to differentiate Chronic Otitis Media from __________. | |
| Name a DDx of Acute Cough. | |
| Presenting symptoms are severe itching and feeling of fullness in the ear. Rare otalgia. | |
| Treatment is to thoroughly irrigate ear canal debris and dry, application of salicylate-containing solution to aid uncovering of the skin to be treated, and antifungal drops. | |
| Presenting symptoms are pain on swallowing, fever, pain radiating to ipsilateral ear, and oropharyngeal swelling causing hoarseness/voice changes. | |
| Subacute cough is ______ week in duration | |
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