Science Quiz / Biochemistry: Protein and Nucleotide Metabolism

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Can you name the Biochemistry: Protein and Nucleotide Metabolism?

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ClueAnswer
One type of this autosomal recessive disease stems from a deficiency of phenylalanine hydroxylase
Enzyme that transaminates alanine
Creatine kinase is only made in muscle cells that are _________________.
Normal BUN:Creatinine level is ____________:1
What amino acid donates an amino group to PRPP?
A genetic mutation in what enzyme can cause increased de novo synthesis of purines and hyperuricemia
Ezyme that transaminates aspartate
Since humans can't store purines we must get rid of them in this form
With what disease would a patient have high levels of valine, leucine and isoleucine in their blood?
Homocystein and methionine levels are increased in this disease that causes mental retardation and dislocation of the lens of the eye.
What molecule is at the branch point of de novo purine synthesis?
Lacking OMP decarboxylase or orotate phosphoribosyltransferase causes this rare metabolic condition. Patients often have aneamia, leukopenia and retarded development.
What type of amino acids are not principally oxidized in the liver?
What is the base in IMP?
Aspartate, Arginine, Leucine, Lysine and Phenylalanine are which type of N-Terminal amino acids?
The glycine residue at the carboxyl end of ubiquitin attaches to what residue on the target protein?
This isoform of CK is found in the heart and is important in diagnosing MIs.
What product builds up in ADA deficient SCID that inhibits deoxynucleotide synthesis
________________ have a maple/cheesy smell.
This enzyme combines citrulline and aspartate to argininosuccinate
People with hyperammonemia are given ________________ so the body uses it for energy of protein
Deficiency of this enzyme would lead to increased levels of orotic acid
Enzyme that converts deoyuridine to dUMP
Glycine, arginine and methionine are used to synthesize what?
This amino acid is used in the production of melanin
CTP Synthase aminates UTP with an amino group from where?
A deficiency of this enzyme would be indicated by citrullinemia.
Increased BUN usually indicates ________________ disease.
A deficiency of this enzyme would be indicated by Argininemia
This transaminase enzyme helps the urea cycle by being involved in the recycling of fumarate to aspartate.
This molecule inhibits thymidine kinase
What is molecule is 'activated ribose'?
This enzyme removes an ammonium ion from glutamate to make alpha-ketoglutarate.
Purine nucleosides are converted to free bases by what enzyme?
This enzyme is deficient in histidinemia
This metabolite inhibites ribonucleotide reductase leading to the inability of cells to synthesize deoxyribonucleotides and therefore DNA.
This molecule allosterically activates CPS-I
What immune cell uses primarily the salvage pathway for nucleotide synthesis?
What amino acid is added to IMP to make AMP?
This isoform of creatine kinase is found in smooth muscle and brain tissue and makes up only 1% of total CK.
Enzyme that converts dUMP to dMP
What amino acid is added to IMP to make GMP?
This is the first enzyme to rise following a myocardial infarction and may only rise transiently and normalize in less thatn 3 days.
This disease causes increased levels of histidine in the blood and urine and causes mental retardation
This molecule inhibits CPS-II
This enzyme converts creatine to creatine phosphate.
A deficiency of this enzyme would be indicated by Argininosuccinic Acidemia
ClueAnswer
Ketogenic amino acids yield which compound(s)?
The cofactor required for transamination reaction is a derivative of ______________.
PRPP synthase is negatively regulated by ________________
Ribose-5-Phostphate is an intermediary in what pathway?
CPS-II is most sensitive to UTP during the end of which cell phase?
Enzyme that converts thymidine to TMP
This molecule activtivates CPS-II
This isoform of creatine kinase is in skeletal muscle and makes up 95% of the CK in the body.
Aminotransferase put the amino group from alanine on alpha-ketoglutarate to form glutamate and ___________________.
Converts orotate to OMP
20% of SCID cases are due to this enzyme deficiency
What enzyme synthesizes PRPP?
In a healthy person ketovaline is broken down into ______________>
The deficient enzyme in alkaptonuria breaks down tyrosine to form _____________.
This single bifunctional enzyme has the properties of orotate phosphotranfserase and OMP decaboxylase
Coverts dihydroorotate to orotate with FAD
Creatine phosphate donates its phosphate group to ADP after _________________.
This enzyme found in the gut cleaves urea to get carbon dioxide and ammonia.
Segments rich in what amino acids are rapidly degraded? (acronym)
What substrate is used to synthesize PRPP?
The methyl group needed for the conversion of dUMP to dTMP comes from...
This enzyme converts UTP to CTP
This enzyme converts 5-phosphoribosyl-1-pyrophosphate to 5-phosphoribosyl-1-amine
A deposit of urate crystals in someone with gout
What are uric acid crystals interacting with in gouty arthritis?
Bicarbonate, aspartate and ammonia are used to make what?
This enzyme phosphorylates CPS-II to change its allosteric properties making it more easily inhibited
If the CK found in the heart is greater than ______ U/L then an MI is probable.
HGPRT ___________________ causes an increase in the rate of purine synthesis. (Deficiency/Hyperactivity)
Treatment for Lesch-Nyhan Sydrome?
Creatine phosphate 'buffers' ___________ during exercise so it doesn't significantly drop.
This is a common cause of acquired hyperammonemia.
Deamination reactions create this highly toxic chemical that must be removed from the body.
This enzyme converts Carbamoyl aspartate to Dihydroorotate
What enzyme is deficient in alkaptonuria?
What enzyme converts ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides
Lysosomal proteases that degrade protein in the lysosomal pathway
This type of base is sythesized piece by piece directly on the ribose
Alanine, glycine, methionine, serine, threonine and valine are which type of N-terminal residues?
This enzyme converts Argininosuccinate to Arginine and Fumarate.
This amino acid has two amino groups and is thus the most efficient carrier of ammonia
Transfer of an amino group from one amino acid to an amino acid carbon skeleton or alpha ketoacid.
The most effective treatment for SCID
What immune cell carries out de novo synthesis of nucleotides?
Deamination occurs primarily on this amino acid because it is the end produce of many transamination reactions.
This drug binds to glycine in the liver and is excreted in order to reduce ammonia in the body.
This enzyme combines ornithine and carbamoyl phosphate to make citrulline
ClueAnswer
This enzyme converts neucleotides to nucleosides
The most commonly inherited urea enzyme deficiency
Lysosomal degradation activity is ______________ during starvation? (Increased/Decreased)
This drug binds to glutamine and is then excreted from the body in order to reduce the ammonia in the body
This enzyme catalyzes formation of AMP from adenine and PRPP
________________ cause poor myelination and mental retardation.
This enzyme catalyzes the conversion of bicarbonate and ammonia (from glutamine) to carbomoyl phosphate, releasing glutamate.
Cofactor of all aminotransferase reactions because amino group is first transferred to this molecule.
This genetic disease is characterized by self-mutilating behavior
The commited step of de novo purine synthesis is conversion of PRPP to ____________________.
How is maple syrup urine disease treated?
This enzyme converts hypoxanthine to xanthine
Converts OMP to UMP
This enzyme catalyzes the formation of IMP and GMP from Hypoxanthine and Guanine and PRPP
A polymer of this chemical creates a black-brown pigment that deposits in connective tissue and can be seen in standing urine in people with alkoptonuria.
A very high protein diet or starvation would lead to __________________ (induction/repression) of urea cycle enzymes.
What amino acids are purely ketogenic?
This type of base is assembled completely first then attached to a ribose
What is the product of the rate limiting step of the urea cycle
Decreased BUN usually indicates ______________ disease.
Condition when uric acid crystals precipitate out of the blood
This enzyme can convert Adenosine to Inosine
During periods of growth, pregnancy and convalescence the nitrogen balance is _________________.
This enzyme converts dihydrofolate to tetrahydrofolate
This small, basic protein tags proteins for degradation
What type of reaction can create non-essential amino acids from essential amino acids or non-essential AAs from non-essential AAs.
A genetic mutation leading to a deficiency in HGPRT leads to what condition?
In PKU which amino acid becomes essential?
CPS-II is most sensitive to PRPP during what cell phase?
Elimination of an amino group
During periods of malnutrition, starvation, cachexia and after traumatic injury the nitrogen balance is _________________.
This enzyme is deficient in albinism.
Homocystinuria results from a deficiency of this enzyme
Deficient enzyme in maple syrup urine disease
This enzyme converts carbomoyl phosphate to carbomoyl aspartate
Most de novo nucleotide synthesis occurs where?
Phenylpyruvate and phenylacetate are _____________.
Enzyme that converts THF to N5, N10-methylene THF
Presence of creatine kinase in the blood can indicate ___________________.
Branched chain ketoacid dehydrogenase requires what cofactor?
In hereditary hyperammonemia the administration or citrulline and arginine is usually effective except in the case of _______________.
GMP, GDP, GTP, AMP, ADP and ATP all inhibit what enzyme?
This enzyme adds an ammonium ion to glutamate to make glutamine
Pyrophosphates are the basis of this drug class which is used to treat osteoporosis.
A muscle cell that is fully charged with CP has a __________:1 ratio of CP:ATP
This enzyme converts Xanthine to Uric Acid
This enzyme phosphorylates CPS-II to change its allosteric properties making it more easily activated

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Created Dec 17, 2012ReportNominate
Tags:Biochemistry, nucleotide, protein

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