thin spherical envelope of gases surrounding Earths surface
inner layer of atmosphere, extends 17km above sea level, contains air we breathe
absorb and release energy that warms the lower atmosphere
2nd layer of atmosphere, extends to 50km above sea level, contains ozone layer
consists of all the water on or near earths surface
consists of the earths intensely hot core, a thick mantle, and a thin crust
parts of the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and geosphere where life is found
natural gases help warm earths surface
any form of life
group of individual organisms of the same species living in a particular area
populations of all species living and interacting in an area at a particular time
one or more communities of different species interacting with one another and with the chemical and physical factors making up their nonliving environment
feeding level
make their own food(self feeders)
another name for producer
plants take solar energy and convert it to make organic molecules
producers convert simple inorganic compounds from their environment into more complex nutrient compounds without using sunlight
cannot make their own food
another name for consumers
animals that eat mostly green plants
another name for herbivore
animals that feed on the flesh of other animals
feed on the flesh of other carnivores
eat plants and animals
consumers that release the wastes of remains of plants and animals and then return those nutrients to the soil
feed on the wastes of dead bodies or other organisms
another name for detrivore
uses oxygen to convert glucose or other organic nutrient back into co2 and h2o
another word for anaerobic respiration
sequence of organisms each of which serves as a source of food or energy for the next
complex network of interconnected food chains
decrease in usable chemical energy available at each succeeding trophic level
rate at which producers use photosynthesis to produce and store chemical energy minus the rate at which they use some of this stored chemical energy through aerobic respiration
elements and compounds that make up nutrients move continually within ecosystems also called nutrient cycle
various compounds of carbon circulate through the biosphere, the atmosphere, and parts of the hydrosphere
compounds of phosphorus circulate through water, the earth's crust, and living organisms
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