| Country | Capital(s) |
|---|
| Western Roman Empire (285–476) | |
| Kingdom of Hawaii (1795–1893) | |
| Biafra (c. 1967–c. 1970) | |
| Aztec Empire (1325-1521) | |
| Kingdom of Rwanda (11th century-1894) | |
| Prussia (1525–1947) | |
| Italian North Africa (1911-1943) | |
| Austro-Hungarian Empire (Habsburg Empire) (1527–1918) | |
| Kingdom of Northumbria (653–954) | |
| Peru-Bolivian Confederation (1836-1839) | |
| Orange Free State (1854–1902) | |
| Kingdom of Sarawak (1841–1941, 1945–1946) | |
| Kalmar Union (1397–1523) | |
| Ancient Macedonia (808–323 BC) | |
| South Vietnam (1954–1975) | |
| German East Africa (1885-1919) | |
| Dutch Gold Coast (1598-1872) | |
| Corsican Republic (1755–1769) | |
| Kingdom of Hanover (1814–1866) | |
| Kingdom of Kurdistan (1922–1924) | |
| Inca Empire (1438-1533) | |
| East Africa Protectorate (1895-1920) | |
| Ryukyu Kingdom (1429-1879) | |
| Yemen Arab Republic (1962–1990) | |
| German South-West Africa (1884 -1915) | |
| Iroquois Confederacy | |
| Kingdom of Scotland (843–1707) | |
| Italian East Africa (1936-1941) | |
| Sikkim (1642–1853, 1890–1975) | |
| Durrani Empire (1747–1826) | |
| Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia (1198–1375) | |
| Gilbert and Ellice Islands (1892-1976) | |
| Dutch East Indies (1816-1945) | |
| Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1569–1801, 1815–1859) | |
| Ashanti Empire (1701-1957) | |
| British Solomon Islands (1893–1978) | |
| Kingdom of Navarre (824–1620) | |
| Minorca (-1810) | |
| Principality of Wallachia (1330–1859) | |
| French Somaliland (1896-1967) | |
| Kingdom of Sicily (1130–1816) | |
| Czechoslovakia (1919-1993) | |
| Tanganyika (1961–1964) | |
| Mercia (527–918) | |
| Gold Coast (1821-1957) | |
| Crown of Castile (1230–1715) | |
