| Meaning | Key Term |
|---|
| The dry mass of an organism. | |
| A pyramid that indicates how many organisms there are in a food chain. | |
| A pyramid that shows the biomass of species in a food chain. | |
| A method of farming used to minimise energy loss often by keeping animals in crampt conditions in heated barns. | |
| The process by which elements in dead bodies are released back into the soil for plants to reuse. | |
| Organisms that eat small parts of the dead animal/plant, which they digest and excrete. | |
| Organisms, usually bacteria or fungi, that chemically break down dead material and release ammonia into the soil. | |
| The process by which organisms involved in decay release enzymes onto dead material which digest it for the organisms to then absorb it. | |
| The process by which carbon enters and leaves the atmosphere. | |
| Thread-like structures found inside the nucleus. Human body cells have 23 matching pairs. Gametes have only 23 of them. | |
| Short sections of DNA that code for characteristics of the body. | |
| Reproduction involving two parents and fusion of DNA, leading to genetic variation. | |
| Sex hormones (sperm and egg). | |
| Reproduction involving only one parent and identical offspring. | |
| The process by which small groups of cells are extracted from part of a plant and grown in a special liquid/jelly. | |
| The process by which eggs are taken from an organism, fertilised in a dish, allowed to develop into eight cells, then split into four 2-cell embryos and are put in host mothers. | |
| The process by which an unfertilised egg cell it taken and has its nucleus destroyed. A body cell's nucleus is implanted in the egg and a spark of electricity makes it divide. | |
| The process by which an organism's genes are altered by using enzymes to manipulate genes. | |
| Crops that have their genes altered in order to make them either resistant to pests or weedkillers, increase their yield or increase their nutritional value. | |
| The gradual change of an organism over time. | |
| The man who came up with the above theory. | |
| The process by which organisms that are best adapted to their habitat survive and pass on their characteristics. | |
| The man who came up with an alternate theory as to how organisms changed. He proposed that organisms passed on characteristics they had obtained in their lifetime. | |
