those who did not support ratification of the Constitution
the first basis for the new nation’s government; adopted in 1781; created an alliance of sovereign states held together by a weak central government
a legislature with two houses, such as the U.S. Congress
the first ten amendments to the U.S. Constitution; most were designed to protect fundamental rights and liberties
a system that allows one branch of government to limit the exercise of power by another branch; requires the different parts of government to work together
a highly decentralized form of government; sovereign states form a union for purposes such as mutual defense
a document written in 1776 in which the American colonists proclaimed their independence from Great Britain and listed their grievances against the British king
Powers given to federal government by the Constitution (Article I, Section 8); power to regulate interstate & foreign commerce, raise & support armies, declare war, & coin money
a form of government in which power is divided between state governments and a national government
those who supported ratification of the Constitution
Compromise between Virginia Plan and New Jersey Plan that created a twohouse Congress; representation based on pop. in the HoR and equal representation of states in the Senate
the right to life, liberty, and property; believed to be given by God; no government may take away
a plan that called for a one-house national legislature; each state would receive one vote
a form of government in which political power rests in the hands of the people, not a monarch, and is exercised by elected representatives
any powers not prohibited by the Constitution or delegated to the national government; powers reserved to the states and denied to the federal government
the sharing of powers among three separate branches of government
an agreement between people and government in which citizens consent to be governed so long as the government protects their natural rights
the statement in Article VI of the Constitution that federal law is superior to laws passed by state legislatures
a collection of eighty-five essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay in support of ratification of the Constitution
Compromise between northern & southern states that called for counting of all a state’s free pop. & 60% of slave pop. for both federal taxation & representation in Congress
a legislature with only one house, like the Confederation Congress or the legislature proposed by the New Jersey Plan
the power of the president to reject a law proposed by Congress
Plan for a 2-house legislature; reps. would be elected to the lower house based on each state’s pop.; reps. for the upper house would be chosen by the lower house
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