Background. Catholic Philip II of Spain had been angered by three things. One, who was the queen of England who had rejected his marriage proposal and established a Protestant religion in England?
Two. The English privateer attacks on and capture of what sort of valuable Spanish ships which occured mostly in the Spanish Main?
Three. England's support of which area of Protestant Europe fighting for independence from the Spanish Empire?
Philip's intention was not to force England into the Spanish Empire but restore it to what?
To that end, if the Armada had been successful which Catholic might have succeeded Elizabeth but was executed in England in 1587?
Despite this, having previously been married to English Catholic Queen Mary I, Philip believed he had a what to restore England to Catholicsm?
Pope Sixtus V declared the Armada to be a what?
What term did the Spanish use to describe the Armada?
Which admiral who became Treasurer of the Navy Board was responsible for the designing and building of new ships prior to the Armada replacing those built by Henry VIII?
Who pre-empted the Armada by capturing or destroying some thirty ships and great quantities of supplies in the port of Cadiz in 1587?
Events. The Armada sailed from where in 1588?
The Armada sailed with instructions from Philip to join up with an army of which commander of the Spanish armies fighting in the Netherlands?
The Armada was commanded by which inexperienced mariner who ignored the advice of his second-in-command and followed Philip's instructions almost to the letter?
Who was the experienced mariner and second-in-command of the Armada, Spain's equivalent of Francis Drake?
The Armada was intended to guard the army as it crossed to England in what?
Which also inexperienced mariner commanded the English forces but ceded some control to his second-in-command Francis Drake?
A series of what were lit when the Armada was first sighted to signal the news?
In legend, Drake was unconcerned and carried on playing his game of what?
In reality Drake couldn't sail from which port because the tide was against him?
Juan Martínez de Recalde urged the Duke of Medina to do what and settle the matter at once? Medina refused missing a possibly decisive opportunity.
Because of the Spanish advantage in what sort of fighting, the English had to use their superior speed and maneuverability to keep beyond grappling range and bombard the Spanish ships from distance?
As the Armada passed Plymouth, Drake and Howard attacked to little effect as the Spanish had assembled into which formation that protected their larger but slower major ships?
Leading the English fleet following the Armada at night, the piratical Drake abandoned his post to plunder which damaged Spanish ship left behind?
On board he found a quantity of what that the English were running short of?
Also tests on the hull gave Drake the optimum what for attacking Spanish ships whilst not endangering English ships to Spanish grappling?
Because Drake had extinguished his lantern, his following fleet became what during the night requiring a day to reform?
The English caught up and inconclusive fighting resumed near which narrow promontory at the southernmost point of Dorset?
The Armada was driven away from which safe harbour behind the Isle of Wight were Medina had hoped to establish a temporary base and make contact with Parma?
The Armada now headed for which French port to link up with the Duke of Parma?
Parma was unprepared and 20 miles away highlighting which flaw in Philip's plan, the underestimation of the difficulties of what between Medina and Parma?
Because of the size of it, another flaw was there was no safe what anywhere in the eastern English Channel that the Armada could anchor in?
The Armada anchored off Calais in a tightly-packed defensive crescent formation. The English sent in eight large what causing most to cut their anchor cables and scatter?
In which following battle did the English fleet now attack, batter, but not defeat the Armada whilst virtually exhausting their supply of gunpowder?
What event now occured that drove the Armada out of the English Channel and into the North Sea?
Elizabeth made her famous speech to the troops at which port in Essex?
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