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Science Quiz / Cell and Molecular Bio Test 2

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Can you name the Cell and Molecular Bio Test 2?

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Question/DefinitionAnswer/Term
Monocytes in the tissue are called?
What recognizes and binds to all primary antibodies from a given species?
What is another name for liver cells?
How many protons are transferred across the inner membrane through respiratory complex 1?
Excess Acetyl CoA can be converted into what?
What is the basis of lymphocyte production in the bone marrow?
How many hydrophobic amino acids does it take to cross the cell membrane theoretically?
What does acetaldehyde trigger secretion of?
What base is a part of ATP?
Cells divide and become more numerous
What class of MHCs is found on all nucleated cells?
What is a family of lipids bound to oligosaccharides that have parts of their structure that are identical to lipooligosaccharides?
An enzyme system in the blood that can directly kill some foreign cells.
What is another name for scarring of the liver and poor liver function?
What is the the antigen in urine that’s detected in pregnancy tests?
How are fats converted into acetyl coa?
What CD is mainly found on helper T-cells?
Finger-like projections that suggest that the cell is reaching out and trying to reach something
Some substance capable of inducing an immune response.
Stands for Immunoglobulin
What is the pH at which a protein's net charge is zero?
How many protons are transported across the inner membrane per molecule of NADH in Oxidative Phosphorylation?
Anaerobic metabolic breakdown of a nutrient molecule without net oxidation
What is another name for electron transport?
What condition involves a autoimmune attack on your joints?
What differentiates into T-cells and B-cells?
What is another name for a MHC?
Why use secondary antibodies?
A receptor whose ligand is an antigen
The breakdown of glucose to yield energy
Antibody class that is secreted from B cells; y-shaped
What condition involves a slowly progressing autoimmune attack on your brain and spinal cord?
What is a substance used for storing energy as a carbohydrate in muscle and the liver?
If the pH is lowered, amino acids protonate and the protein becomes more _____ overall
Which CD is taken advantage of by HIV?
What is the net yield per glucose molecule after the TCA cycle?
A discrete part of an antigen that is antigenic. There can be many of them.
Part of antibody involved in cell binding
What is Oxaloacetate converted into?
What is the breakdown of amino acids?
Process of turning fermentable substrates into Lactate or Ethanol and CO2
Help discriminate between types of pathogens
What is imflammation of the intestine?
has two identical light chains and two identical heavy chains
Another name for variable domain
What class of MHCs is found on all antigen presenting cells?
To respond to a wide array of antigens
What transporter pumps viral proteins into the ER to be displayed on the surface?
Part of antibody where antigens are bound
What is the synthesis of amino acids?
How many residues per turn are there on an antibody?
Question/DefinitionAnswer/Term
What are the reagents of glycolysis step 2
For previously encountered antigens to give a faster response on subsequent encounters.
Cells responsible for cell mediated immunity
Macrophage-like cells with long spike and sheet like protrusions.
What condition involves an autoimmune attack on pancreatic beta cells?
Pyruvate is symported into the matrix with what?
A protein that binds tightly to specific epitopes for identification and elimination.
What condition involves an autoimmune attack on the intestinal wall that is exacerbated by ingestion of glutens?
Immunity that you are born with
Self becomes recognized as foreign
High levels of lipids in the blood
How many hydrophobic amino acids does it take to cross the cell membrane in reality?
What are the three types of effector cells for T-cells?
What does acetyl CoA dump the carbons onto in the first step of the TCA cycle?
What are the products of glycolysis step 1
What are the products of glycolysis step 2
Using energy to form glucose
Can respond to the one antigen that is present rather than all antigens
How many protons are transferred across the inner membrane through respiratory complex 3?
What process keeps only the T-cells that adequately bind to MHCs in self cells?
How many ATPs are made from the NADH molecules from 1 molecule of glucose?
String of amino acids
OH- is antiported out of the matrix using what substance?
What CD is mainly found on cytotoxic T-cells?
What is the unit for 1/12th the mass of a Carbon atom?
Loss of electrons
What is ethanol converted into by ADH?
Programmed cell death
What process induces apoptosis in T-cells that bind too well to self cells?
The process of a cell engulfing solid particles.
Cells responsible for humoral immunity
A systemic allergic reaction (as opposed to a localized allergic reaction)
How many ATPs are made from the FADH2 molecules from 1 molecule of glucose?
What are the final products from one molecule of glucose that goes through aerobic respiration?
What are the products of glycolysis step 3
What is the breakdown of fat?
What is acetyl CoA converted into via the TCA cycle?
What is the name of the detergent that unfolds/denatures proteins in electrophoresis?
Weight/Height^2
Amino acid with a Hydrogen group
What are the effector cells for B-cells?
Antibodies cross-linked with antigen can form a precipitate
Affecting many nerves sytemically
What are the products of TCA entry (total per glucose molecule)?
How much does the stalk rotate when three protons pass through it?
Glycerols can be converted into what?
How many protons are transferred across the inner membrane through respiratory complex 2?
Acetaldehyde causes a depletion of what?
What are the reagents of glycolysis step 1
What is required for leukocyte activation?
Antibody class that is stuck on surface of B cells; y-shaped
Question/DefinitionAnswer/Term
What is pyruvate converted into during fermentation?
Antibody class that is stuck on surface of B cells; weird shape
Amino acid with a Thiol group
How many protons are transferred across the inner membrane through respiratory complex 4?
What receptors only bind to antigens on display?
Another name for constant domain
A self protein that is recognized as an antigen in autoimmune disease
Amino acid that is locked into a ring
Where do B-cells go after production?
What connects amino acids into linear chains?
Cells that have a single lobed, big nucleus, ruffles, lysosomes, can't proliferate, participate in phagocytosis and antigen display.
Condition in which patient is 20% or more heavier than their ideal weight
Multiple antigens cross-link with antibodies
What recognizes and binds only to the protein of interest?
Putting the antigen on the outside of the cell to display to other cells.
What is another name for the Kreb's/citric acid cyle
If the pH is raised, amino acids de-protonate, and the protein becomes more _____ overall.
Cells that have large nuclei, can proliferate, extensive rough ER
A specific type of dendritic cell found in the epidermis.
Process of turning oxidizable substrates into H20 and CO2
What pathway utilizes normal cells to spark an immune response through interaction with cytotoxic T-cells?
Acetaldehyde increases generation of what?
The vesicle in which the object now resides after phagocytosis.
Another name for stationary phase or gel.
How many protons are transported across the inner membrane per molecule of FADH2 in Oxidative Phosphorylation?
Bind to sugars on bacteria
What is the name of the process of converting lactate back into glucose?
Antibodies bind to and inactivate antigens
Fatty acids can be converted into what?
A porous polymer, the voids in which are filled with a fluid
ADP is antiported into the matrix using what substance?
Lipopolysaccharide, a molecule only found on some bacteria
Formation of acetaldehyde adducts yields what?
Where do T-cells mature?
Most common coenzyme
Are MHCs specific?
How many protons are required to flow through F0 to generate one ATP by F1?
A cell becomes more specific in its structure and function
What is a Adenine connected to a Ribose sugar called?
What are the reagents of glycolysis step 3
What is the process by which the immune system is supressed for antigens seen on a fairly regular basis due to eating?
Granulocytes that cannot proliferate, and love phagocytosis.
What is the role of Plasma cells?
What provides an enhanced secondary immune response to a previously encountered antigen?
Electrophoresis separates molecules according to?
Triglycerides can be split into what?
What adjective describes the phenomena where you transcribe both parents copies of a particular protein?
Cells respond directly and actively to eliminate antigens
What sugar is a part of ATP?
What pathway utilizes B-cells to spark an immune response through interaction with helper T-cells?
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