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| It was in this iconic city that Baron Haussmann undertook one of the most ambitious urban redevelopment projects ever, razing medieval neighbourhoods to build grand boulevards | |
| Located down the coast from the famous Camp Pendleton, this city is known for its agreeable climate and its military bases | |
| Previously a small logging town, this city was chosen to be Canada's capital as a geographical compromise between the English and French-speaking colonies | |
| In 1877, after the second Anglo-Ashanti War, this city replaced Cape Coast as the capital of the British colony of Gold Coast | |
| Established in 1836 as a colony of free immigrants rather than convicts, it was anticipated that this city would see very little crime, unlike its counterparts to the east | |
| Owing to fears of English attack, the population of this northern city remained densely packed within the town walls, along the Royal Mile, until the late 1700s | |
| This global financial centre was established as a British colony in 1842 by the Treaty of Nanking, which ended the First Opium War | |
| With the Bechuanaland Protectorate set to become an independent nation in 1966, this city was chosen to be the capital, as it lacked tribal affiliations and was near fresh water | |
| The northernmost N. American city with a population over 1 m., this city is a staging point for large-scale oil sands projects | |
| The second largest city in the African Great Lakes region, this city's name is derived from a Maasai phrase meaning 'cool water' | |
| This subarctic city became the intellectual capital for waves of exiled opponents of Nicholas I after the Decembrist revolts of 1825 | |
| This city on the Dnieper River was the centre of the Orange Revolution in 2004-05 and the Euromaidan in 2013-14 | |
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| Founded in 1519 by Spanish explorer Hernán Cortés, this historical trade hub and port fended off pirate raids and invasions by France and the US | |
| Located on an island-archipelago of the same name, this city features a Stone Town whose diverse architecture hints at its heritage as a 19th c. hub for the spice and slave trades | |
| With a stable, oil-rich government to support it, this city of 6 m. is building a 175-km metro system from scratch, to be completed by 2019 | |
| Renamed in 1975 for a Communist revolutionary, this city's Western Classical architecture betrays a French colonial influence | |
| In Byzantine times this city was an important centre for Eastern Christianity; in more recent years it has been notable as a rebel stronghold in a civil war | |
| In the 18th century this city became a major Dutch trading centre and the primary centre of Java's plantation economy | |
| In 1825 the completion of the Erie Canal opened up the Great Lakes to New York City, and this upstate city was for decades one of America's 10 largest | |
| Settled in the 4th millennium B.C., this Caucasian city is one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities | |
| This capital city is part of a metropolitan area of over 20 m. people; historically, the region was the capital of various kingdoms and empires, such as the Mughal Empire | |
| This Mediterranean city is Turkey's primary port for exports and has been a major trade centre since the 16th century | |
| Sometimes called the 'Gateway to Europe,' this city features a port that was the world's busiest for over 40 years until it was surpassed in 2004 by Shanghai | |
| A boom in textile manufacturing helped transform this city into an industrial behemoth, in turn inspiring radical critics such as Karl Marx | |
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