| Definition of term | Vocabulary term |
| A positively-charged ion. | |
| Forces that hold atoms together. | |
| Bond between elements where the electronegativity difference is 2.0 or greater- one atom takes the other’s electrons. | |
| Bond between elements where the electronegativity difference is less than 2.0- the atoms share electrons equally. | |
| Negatively charged particle outside an atom’s nucleus. | |
| Bond between elements where the electronegativity difference is less than 2.0.- the atoms share electrons either equally or somewhat unequally. | |
| Negatively-charged particles in the outer-most electron shell of an atom | |
| Without a crystalline structure | |
| The smallest particles of an element which still displays the properties of that element. Also known as building blocks of matter. | |
| The distance from the center of the nucleus of an element to the outer edge of its electron cloud. This characteristic follows a trend on the periodic table | |
| Elements that are good conductors, are malleable and ductile. | |
| The elements on the right side of the periodic table, like sulfur, which tends to gain electrons. | |
| The minimum amount of energy required to completely remove an electron from a gaseous atom or ion | |
| positively charged particle in an atom’s nucleus. | |
| An element that has some characteristics of metals and some of nonmetals. | |
| Four numbers that describe the “address” of an electron in an atom according to a mathematical model | |
| An atom or covalently-bonded molecule with an overall charge. These can form ionic bonds with others of opposite charge | |