Definition | Term |
system that consits of the sun and planets, satellites, and astroids that rotate around it | |
central part of the Earth, composed of a nickel-iron mixture divided into inner solid and outer liquid parts | |
process by which dense oceanic crust material is overridden by lighter continental crust and sinks into mantle | |
process of chemical weathering by groundwater in which minerals and rock material pass directly into solution | |
small planetary body accreted from solar nebula | |
aquifer in which the level of the discharge is lower than recharge, when penetrated, natural pressure causes water to rise | |
depression in surface of ground often connecting to cavern or subterranean passage | |
process by which material is removed by solution and replaced, can occur atom by atom so that structure is retained | |
a density current that carries sediments rapidly from deltas across the continental slope do deposit them as turbidites at the foor of the slope or on the abyssal plain | |
substance usually inorganic that has a crystalline structure that can be used to identify it, these compose rocks | |
layer of impermeable rock adjacent to one that is permeable | |
boundary between two crustal plates moving toward each other | |
layering visible in rocks that results from the settling of particles during deposition | |
system of organizing geological events usually presented in the form of a chart; subdivision of geologic time | |
condition of balance within the Earth's crust by which mountain chains are balanced by extensive roots, like a floating iceberg | |
accumulation of sediment deposited by glacier | |
steeply sloping zone between the continental shelf and true ocean depths | |
hot material rising through mantle at 'hot spots' | |
genreal term for movement of large masses by landlides, flowage, or soil creep | |
homogenous ordered solid having naturally formed faces and limited chemical composition | |
gently sloping zone of shallowly submerged land that surrounds continents | |
intrusive igneous rock formed of quartz, feldspar, and mica | |
oceanic and continental part of crust and upper brittle part of mantle; it varies in thickness from 1-2km at ocean ridges to 140-160km below oceanic crust | |
a layered structure often forming mounds built up over a long period of time by mats of cyanobacteria that trap sediment | |
iron-magnesium-silicate mineral in many igneous rocks | |
hypothetical single ancient supercontinent comprised of all continental crust present at time | |
alteration of rocks surrounding an intrusion due to heat of intrusion | |
shallow pond or lake on the edge of the ocean but separated | |
type of landform in areas underlain by easily dissolved limestones, solution passages and caves result and spires of limestone may be left | |
widespread rock-forming mineral composed of calcium carbonate, major constituent of limestones | |
rock formed by slowly crystallizing magma deep within the crust | |
process where sediments are converted to solid rock by compaction and cementation | |
mud rock that yields oil by distillation | |
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