Can you name the definitions? by seeeee

Definition	Name of definition	-
occurs when the effects of two variables cannot be separated		0
a moral emotion that, like guilt, involves feeling bad but, unlike guilt, spreads to the whole person		0
the ability to predict one’s emotional reactions to future events		0
a quick response of liking or disliking toward something		0
a tendency to experience automatic, intrusive thoughts about a goal whose pursuit has been interrupted		0
a nonexperimental method in which the researcher merely observes whether variables are associated or related		0
theoretical approach that seeks to explain behaviour in terms of lern		0
trying to avoid loss of esteem		0
people avoid making choices and taking action they fear they will regret later		0
mental shortcuts that provide quick estimates about the likelihood of uncertain events		0
an unpleasant emotional response that people often experience when someone is trying to restrict their freedom an unpleasant emotional response that people often experience when so		0
the tendency to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by the ease with which relevant instances come to mind		0
the idea that the mind has two different processing systems (conscious and automatic)		0
branch of psychology that focuses on behavior disorders and other forms of mental illness and how to treat them		0
a set of beliefs about oneself		0
the proposition that positive emotions expand an individual’s attention and mind-set		0
the variable manipulated by the researcher that is assumed to lead to changes in the dependent variable		0
the simple desire to learn the truth about oneself, whatever it is		0
kids that ware 11 months older play with younger ones, giving them an advantage and making the sport more fun		0
a measure of how desirable one would be to other people		0
organized packets of information that are stored in memory		0
observable operations, procedures, and measurements that are based on the independent and dependent variables		0
when the activation of a focal goal the person is working on inhibits the accessibility of alternative goals		0
the proposition that some arousal is better than none, but too much can hurt performance		0
the finding that items gain in value to the person who owns them		0
any action by which people bring failure, suffering, or misfortune on themselves		0
theoretical approach that seeks to explain behavior by looking at the deep unconscious fores inside the person		0
branch of psychlogy that foucses on umportant diference between individuals		0
Thought suppression does not restrain people form eating but make them think more about food they are trying not to think		0
the tendency for actors to make external attributions and observers to make internal attributions		0
for something to be the cause of a behavior, it must be present when the behavior occurs and absent when the behavior does not occur		0
a quantitative literature review that combines the statistical results (e.g., correlation coefficients) from all studies conducted on a topic		0
different roles a person plays, as in a play or a movie		0
in decision making, the greater weight given to the present over the future		0
planting or activating an idea in someone’s mind		0
the false belief that it is better not to change one’s first answer on a test even if one starts to think that a different answer is correct		0
an experiment that includes more than one independent variable or factor		0
the tendency to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by using a starting point (called an anchor) and then making adjustments up or down		0
the idea that people rely on emotional processes to evaluate risk, with the result that their judgments may be biased by emotional factors		0
reducing errors and biases by getting people to use controlled processing rather than automatic processing		0
in attribution theory, whether other people would do the same thing in the same situation		0
branch of psychology that seeks an understanding of how people affect and are affected by others		0
an approach that emphasized learning from reward and punishment as the main cause of behaviour and that dominated psychology in the 1950s and 1960s		0
the false belief that one can influence certain events, especially random or chance ones		0
Focuses on how people interpret the causes of events such as external pressures or internal traits		0
an information-based system that includes shared ideas and praxis and common ways of doing things		0
keeping track of behaviors or responses to be regulated		0
a feeling state that is not clearly linked to some event		0
an unpleasant moral emotion associated with a specific instance in which one has acted badly or wrongly		0
the extent to which the dependent variable is a valid representation of the theoretical response		0
conscious system override the autonmatic system.		0
those who believe that traits are fixed, stable things (entities) and thus people should not be expected to change		0
Affect (how poeple feel insdie) Behavior (what people do) Cognition (what people think about)		0
the tendency to overestimate the link between variables that are related only slightly or not at all		0
pple make decisions more based on how they expect to feel rather than on the basis of a logical and rational analysis of what will yield the greatest reward		0
the extent to which the independent variable is a valid representation of the theoretical stimulus		0
the tendency for observers to attribute other people’s behavior to internal or dispositional causes and to downplay situational causes		0
a choice in which taking or maximizing one benefit requires either accepting a cost or sacrificing another benefit		0

Definition	Name of definition	-
the image of self that is currently active in the person’s thoughts		0
study of what happens in the brain, nervous system, other aspects of the body		0
study of though process such as how memory works and what people notice		0
an attribution theory that uses three types of information: consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness		0
a term used to describe people’s reluctance to do much extra thinking		0
thinking based on assumptions that don’t hold up to rational scrutiny		0
The study of human culture - the shared, values, beliefs and practices of poeple		0
putting obstacles in the way of one’s own performance so that anticipated or possible failure can be blamed on the obstacle instead of on lack of ability		0
study of past events		0
a powerful and clearly unified feeling state, such as anger or joy		0
the self’s capacity to alter its own responses; self-control		0
in decision making, the greater weight given to definite outcomes than to probabilities		0
'love of wisdom'		0
the idea that emotion has two components: a bodily state of arousal and a cognitive label that specifies the emotion		0
the self-regulation feedback loop of Test, Operate, Test, Exit		0
the idea that people judge something as good or bad by asking themselves “How do I feel about it?”		0
the frequency of positive emotions minus the frequency of negative emotions		0
a conscious evaluative reaction to some event		0
unpleasant emotion associated with surviving a tragic event involving much loss of life		0
the tendency to overestimate the number of other people who share one’s opinions, attitudes, values, and beliefs		0
person's inner thoughts and feeling (self related)		0
an experiment which each participant is exposed to all lecels of the independent variable		0
he tendency for observers to make internal attributions (fundamental attribution error) about whole groups of people		0
the theory that people need to feel at least some degree of autonomy and internal motivation		0
a theory proposing that people stay at about the same level of happiness regardless of what happens to them ANGER an emotional response to a real or imagined threat or provocation		0
looking outward on the public aspects of the self that others can see and evaluate		0
the ability to perceive, access and generate, understand, and reflectively regulate emotions		0
study of human behavior		0
refers to the joint eff ects of more than one independent variable on the dependent variable		0
the extent to which the fi dings from a study can be generalized to other people, other settings, and other time periods		0
a self-concept that emphasizes what connects the self to other people and groups (self vs culture)		0
in attribution theory, whether the person typically behaves this way in this situation		0
imagining alternatives that are worse than actuality		0
extent to which study participants get so caught up in the procedure that they forget they are in an experiment		0
attention directed at the self		0
imagining alternatives that are better than actuality		0
the finding that information bearing on the self is processed more thoroughly and more deeply, and hence remembered better, than other information		0
the extent to which changes in the independent variable caused changes in the dependent variable		0
pursuit of knowledge about fundamental matters such as life, death, meaning, reality and truth		0
belief that one’s actions will not bring about desired outcomes, leading one to give up and quit trying		0
ideas (concepts) of how things might possibly be		0
the tendency to see an event as more likely as it becomes more specific because it is joined with elements that seem similar to events that are likely		0
the process people use to control and change their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors		0
the statistical tendency for extreme scores or extreme behavior to be followed by others that are less extreme and closer to average		0
the idea that both men and women seek to minimize the most costly type of error, but that men’s and women’s goals, and hence worst errors, differ		0
in attribution theory, whether the person would behave differently in a different situation		0
how favorably someone evaluates himself or herself		0
the variable in a study that represents the result of the events and processes		0
the tendency to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by the extent to which it resembles the typical case		0
a reduction in stress or suffering due to a belief that one has the option of escaping or controlling the situation, even if one doesn’t exercise it		0
the tendency for gamblers who get lucky to think they have a “hot” hand and their luck will continue		0
knowledge structures that define situations and guide behavior		0
a combination of other people’s views that tells you who and what you are		0
any behavior that seeks to convey some image of self or some information about the self to other people		0
a self-concept that emphasizes what makes the self different and sets it apart from others (self vs culture)		0
wanting to perform an actiivty for its own sake		0
he view that evolution shaped the human psyche so as to enable humans to create and take part in culture		0
study of political organization and institution, especially government		0

Definition	Name of definition	-
the process by which a person examines the contents of his or her mind and mental states		0
a movement in social psychology that began in the 1970s that focused on thoughts about people and about social relationships		0
the tendency to underestimate the number of other people who share one’s most prized characteristics and abilities		0
the extent to which the setting of an experiment physically resembles the real world		0
the active phase of self-regulation; willpower		0
study of how people change across their lives from conception to birth to old age and death		0
the tendency for intrinsic motivation to diminish for activities that have become associated with rewards		0
an illusory correlation that occurs after exposure to only one unusual behavior performed by only one member of an unfamiliar group		0
the proposition that expressing negative emotions produces a healthy release of those emotions and is therefore good for the psyche		0
the ability to make immediate sacrifices for later rewards		0
Some people prefer to postpone hard decisions and keep their options open as long as possible		0
the relationship or association between two variables		0
the image of the self that is conveyed to others		0
a type of study in which the researcher can manipulate an independent variable but cannot use random assignment		0
Study of production, distribution and consumption of goods and services & the study of money		0
the tendency to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by the ease with which you can imagine (or mentally simulate) it		0
the tendency to take whatever course of action does not require you to do anything (also called the default option)		0
the preference to keep things the way they are rather than change		0
animals that seek connections to others and prefer to live, work, and play with other members of their species		0
whether messages stress potential gains (positively framed) or potential losses (negatively framed)		0
the tendency to notice and search for information that confirms one’s beliefs and to ignore information that disconfirms one’s beliefs		0
the automatic response that something is good or bad		0
part of the self involved in control, both control over people and self-control		0
the desire to learn favorable or fl attering things about the self		0
practical ways of doing things		0
the tendency to ignore or underuse base rate information and instead to be influenced by the distinctive features of the case being judged		0
imagining alternatives to past or present events or circumstances		0
looking inward on the private aspects of the self, including emotions,thoughts, desires, and traits		0
reflecting on one’s own thought processes		0
the theory that people observe their own behavior to infer what they are thinking and how they are feeling		0
a desire to get feedback that confi rms what the person already believes about himself or herself		0
e physical world around us, including its laws and processes		0
study of human societies and groups that form those societies		0
the proposition that emotional stimuli activate the thalamus, which then activates both the cortex, producing an experienced emotion, and the hypothalamus and autonomic nervous sys		0
a standard measure of effortful control over responses, requiring participants to identify the color of a word (which may name a different color)		0
we learn to anticipate how we will feel if sth happens and guide our behavior based on that expected feeling		0
those who believe that traits are subject to change and improvement		0
knowledge structures that represent substantial information about a concept, its attributes, and its relationships to other concepts		0
the tendency for plans to be overly optimistic because the planner fails to allow for unexpected problems		0
the idea that arousal from one event can transfer to a later event		0
response by the automatic system that “everything good is me, and everything bad is not me”		0
mental tricks people use to help them believe things that are false		0
a broader term for mind, encompassing emotions, desires, perceptions, and all other psychological processes		0
comparing yourself to people better than you		0
in decision making, the greater weight given to possible losses than possible gains		0
comparing yourself to people worse off than you		0
focuses on the positive, such as how your teeth will be stronger and healthier if you brush and floss them every day		0
he tendency to believe that a particular chance event is affected by previous events and that chance events will “even out” in the short run		0
focuses on the negative, such as the potential for getting cavities if you do not brush and floss your teeth every day		0
the “what the heck” effect that occurs when people indulge in a behavior they are trying to regulate after an initial regulation failure		0
excessive self-love and a selfish orientation		0
a pattern in which people claim credit for success but deny blame for failure		0
the way a person acts in public, especially in official roles (self related)		0
performing an activity because of something that results from it		0
an experiemtn which each participant is exposed to only 1 level of the independent variable		0
the proposition that the bodily processes of emotion come first and the mind’s perception of these bodily reactions then creates the subjective feeling of emotion		0
the idea that feedback from the face muscles evokes or magnifies emotions		0

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