| Definition | Term |
|---|
| Organelle that uses mRNA to direct the synthesis of a polypeptide | |
| Change in the genetic message | |
| Three nucleotides unit on mRNA read by the ribosome. Codes for a specific amino acid apart from three exceptions | |
| Kind of RNA that binds to the surface of ribosome at the A,P,E binding site | |
| New DNA strand that is assembled in segment | |
| Copies of genes sent outside the nucleus | |
| Long chains of nucleotides subunits | |
| Site where tRNA first bind to mRNA | |
| Site where the tRNA is released | |
| Genetic alteration of a cell by incorporation of DNA taken through the cell wall | |
| Stage of gene expression where mRNA is used to direct the production of polypeptides | |
| | Definition | Term |
|---|
| Start codon | |
| Rules that govern genetic translation | |
| Pyrimidine base in RNA that replaces Thymine | |
| Mutations that only involve one or few base pairs | |
| Corkscrew or coiled spring shaped. DNA structure suggested by Franklin | |
| Mutation that throws the reading of the gene message out of register | |
| Direction by which the leading strand is composed | |
| Three nucleotide sequence on tRNA that is the complementary sequence to one of the 64 codons of the genetic code | |
| Composed of a sugar, a phosphate group, and an organic base | |
| Path of information. Central dogma | |
| The enzyme that makes mRNA | |
| | Definition | Term |
|---|
| Non-coding nucleotides | |
| Experiment conducted in 1928 that described the process of transformation | |
| Enzyme that covalently bonds nucleotides of new DNA strands after primers have been removed | |
| Long chains of amino acid subunits | |
| Experiment that concluded that DNA is the hereditary material | |
| RNA copy of a gene used in the cell to produce a polypeptide | |
| Small bases [cytosine, thymine] | |
| New strand that is made in a continuous fashion | |
| Enzymes that match amino acids in the cytoplasm with their proper tRNA | |
| Currently accepted structure of DNA. Proposed by Watson and Crick | |
| Site where the incoming amino acid of a tRNA forms a peptide bond with the growing polypeptide chain | |
| | Definition | Term |
|---|
| Large bases [adenine, guanine] | |
| Copying process that makes mRNA | |
| Stage of gene expression where mRNA molecules are synthesized from genes within the DNA | |
| Determines which amino acid will attach to a particular tRNA | |
| DNA nucleotide sequences encoding amino acid sequences of a polypeptide | |
| Enzyme that carries out DNA replication | |
| Experiment that concluded that the genes that viruses use to specify new viruses are made of DNA and not protein | |
| Enzyme that unwinds DNA | |
|
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