| Question | Answer |
|---|
| the fact that far more women than men live in poverty | |
| a grouping of people with similar occupational, educational, and economic characteristics | |
| a teacher-centered approach characterized by teacher direction and control, high expectations for students' progress, and maximum time spent on academic tasks | |
| children who are frequently nominated as a best friend and are rarely disliked by their peers | |
| a setting that is as similar as possible to the one in which children who do not have a disability are educated | |
| grief involving a deceased person that is a socially ambiguous loss that can't be openly mourned or supported | |
| the belief that one can master a situation and produce favorable outcomes | |
| kindergarten education that involves the whole child by considering both the child's physical, cognitive, and socioemotional development and the child's needs interests, and learni | |
| a severe autism spectrum disorder that has its onset in the first three years of life and includes deficiencies in social relationships; abnormalities in communication; and restric | |
| a category of learning disabilities involving a severe impairment in the ability to read and spell | |
| doing something for its own sake; involves factors such as self-determination and opportunites to make choices | |
| emphasizing values that serve the group by subordinating personal goals to preserve group integrity, independence of members, and harmonious relationships | |
| a style that encourages children to be independent but still places limits and controls on child's actions; extensive verbal give-and-take is allowed, and parents are warm and nurt | |
| the term increasingly used by developmentalists that refers to abuse and neglect, but also diverse conditions | |
| play that occurs when a child transforms the physical environment into a symbol | |
| children who are infrequently nominated as a best friend and are actively disliked by their peers | |
| Kubler-Ross' forth stage of dying, in which the dying person perceives the certainty of her or his death. | |
| Kubler- Ross' third stage of dying, in which the dying person develops the hope that death can somehow be postponed | |
| play that involves interaction with peers | |
| a learner-centered approach that emphasizes the individual's active, cognitive construction of knowledge and understanding with guidance from the teacher | |
| Kubler-Ross' second stage of dying in which the dying person's denial gives way to anger, resentment, rage, and envy | |
| grief that involves enduring despair and is still unresolved over an extended period of time | |
| a style in which the parent is very uninvolved in their child's life | |
| Holland's view that it is important to match an individual's personality with a specific career | |
| small groups that range from 2 to 12 individuals and average about 5 to 6 individuals. members usually are of the same age and same sex and often engage in similar activities, such | |
| | Question | Answer |
|---|
| a pleasurable activity that is engaged in for its own sake | |
| play that involves repetition of behavior when new skills are being learned of when mastery and coordination of skills are required for games or sports | |
| combines sensorimotor/practice play with symbolic representation | |
| self-disclosure and sharing of private thoughts | |
| giving priority to personal goals rather than to group goals; emphasizing values that serve the self, such as feeling good, personal distinction and achievement, and independence | |
| the pleasant times when individuals are free to pursue activities and interests of their own choosing | |
| studies that compare aspects of two or more cultures. the comparison provides information about the degree to which development is similar, or universal, across the cultures, or is | |
| written statement that spells out a program tailored to a child with a disabilty | |
| also called pervasive development disorders, these range from the severe disorder labeled autistic disorder to the milder disorder called Asperger syndrome | |
| peer groups that are larger and less personal than cliques; members may or may not spend much time together. Many can be defined by their members' activities- for example, jocks, p | |
| an orientation in which one focuses on winning, rather than on achievement outcome; happiness is thought to result from winning | |
| fondling the child's genitals, intercourse, incest, rape, sodomy, exhibitionism, and commercial exploitation through prostitution or the production of pornographic materials | |
| the behavior, patterns, beliefs, and all other products of a group of people that are passed on from generation to generation | |
| compensatory education designed to provide children from low-income families the opportunity to acquire the skills and experiences important for school success | |
| acts or omissions by parents or other caregivers that have caused, or could cause, serious behavioral, cognitive, or emotional problems | |
| the theory that, to cope effectively, older adults should gradually withdraw from society; this theory is no longer supported | |
| a disability in which children consistently show one or more of the following characteristics: (1) inattention, (2) hyperactivity. and (3) impulsivity | |
| the emotional numbness, disbelief, separation anxiety, despair, sadness, and loneliness that accompany the loss of someone we love | |
| activities that are engaged in for pleasure and include rules | |
| an orientation in which one seems trapped by the experience of difficulty and attributes one's difficulty to a lack of ability | |
| prejudice against older people because of their age, especially prejudice against older adults | |
| a relatively mild autism spectrum disorder in which the child has relatively good verbal language, milder nonverbal language problems, and a restricted range of interests and relat | |
| the circumstance of moving from the top position in elementary school to the youngest, smallest, and least powerful position in middle or junior high school | |
| Kubler-Ross' first stage of dying, in which the dying person denies that she or he is really going to die | |
| socialization that is bidirectional in that children socialize parents just as parents socialize children | |
| | Question | Answer |
|---|
| education of a child with special education needs full-time in the regular classroom | |
| an educational philosophy in which children are given considerable freedom and spontaneity in choosing activities and are allowed to move from one activity to another as they desir | |
| a model of coping with bereavement that emphasizes oscillation between two main dimensions: (1) loss-oriented stressors and (2) restoration-oriented stressors | |
| children who are infrequently nominated as best friend but are not disliked by their peers | |
| doing something to obtain something else (the activity is a means to an end) | |
| a restrictive, punitive style in which parents exhort the child to follow their directions and to respect their work and effort. frim limits are placed on the child, and little ver | |
| the support that parents provide one another in jointly raising a child | |
| children who receive an average number of both positive and negative nominations from their peers | |
| a neurological definition of death- an individual experineces this when all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time | |
| therapy that lets children work off frustration while therapists analyze their conflicts and coping methods | |
| individuals of about the same age or maturity level | |
| the tendency to consider one's own group superior to other groups | |
| disabilities in which children experience difficulty in learning that involves understanding or using spoken or written language and also mathematics. can appear in many domains | |
| failure to provide for the child's basic needs, including physical, educational, or emotional needs | |
| a style in which parents are very involved with thier children but place few demands or controls on them | |
| education that focuses on the typical developmental patterns of children (age appropriateness) and the uniqueness of child (individual appropriateness) | |
| an orientation in which one is task-oriented-instead of focusing on one's ability, is concerned with learning strategies and the process of achievement rather than the outcome | |
| concept that adults follow one trajectory and children another one; how these trajectories mesh is important for understanding the timing of entry into various family tasks | |
| Kubler-Ross' fifth stage of dying, in which the dying person develops a sense of peace, an acceptance of her or his fate, and, in many cases, a desire to be left alone | |
| children who are frequently nominated both as someone's best friend and as being disliked | |
| abuse characterized by infliction of physical injury as a result of punching, biting, burning, shaking, or otherwise harming a child | |
| the term used most often by the public and many professionals to refer to both abuse and neglect | |
| the cognitive view individuals develop for themselves that either is fixed or involves growth | |
| the theory that the more active and involved older adults are, the more likely they are to be satisfied with their lives | |
| behavior by infants to derive pleasure from exercising their sensorimotor schemes | |
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