French
Developed the principles of electromagnetism using electric currents (1820);
Unit of intensity of an electric current is named after him.

Greek
Wrote Physics (8 Books);
Using deduction and logic, formed theories concerning change in many areas of physics.

French
Shared the Nobel Prize (1903) with Pierre and Marie Curie for the discovery of natural radioactivity.

Danish
Won Nobel Prize (1922) for investigation of atomic structure and radiation;
Founder of modern quantum theory of matter and modern theory of atomic and molecular structure.

French
Founder of wave mechanics, receiving Nobel Prize (1929) for discovery of the wave-like nature of electrons.

English
Won Nobel Prize (1932) for discovery of the neutron.

French
Formulated an eponymous Law stating that the force of attraction between two charged particles is directly proportional to the product of their charges and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them; A unit for the quantity of electricity was named after him.

Austrian
Discovered (1842) that the apparent change in the frequency of sound, light, or radio waves is caused by a change in the distance between the source of the wave and the receiver.

German-Dutch
Invented the first practical mercury thermometer (1714) and devised a temperature scale (1720) in which the melting point of ice is 32^o and the boiling point of water is 212^o.

Italian-born American
Split the atom in nuclear fission (1934);
Received Nobel Prize (1938) for his discovery of nuclear reactions brought about by slow neutrons;
Produced the first chain reaction, helped to develop the first Atomic Bomb.

French
Demonstrated the rotation of the Earth with a pendulum (1851);
Built the first gyroscope (1852);
Proved that the velocity of light is greater in the air than in the water;
The eddy current is named after him.

German
Developed an eponymous 'counter' (1911) that measures ionizing radiation, with Ernest Rutherford.

American
Founded the science of chemical thermodynamics and contributed his famous phase rule, which is applicable to all systems of equilibrium.

German
Received Nobel Prize (1932) for his work in the development of quantum mechanics;
Famous for his 'Uncertainty Principle,' which holds that the position and momentum of a subatomic particle cannot be precisely determined at the same time.

German
Discovered electromagnetic radio waves, named after him (1887);
also a unit of frequency is named after him.

English
Formulated an eponymous Law on the relationship between heat and mechanical energy;
The unit of work energy is named after him.

American
Inventor of the cyclotron (1930), for which he won the Nobel Prize (1939)

Scottish
Developed the mathematical explanation of the electromagnetic theory of light and whose treatise on Electricity and Magnetism (1873) is the foundation of present-day electromagnetic theory.

Italian
'Father of Wireless Telegraphy' who founded his wireless telegraph company in 1897 and received the Nobel Prize for his work (1909, shared).

English
Conceived the theory of universal gravitation in Principia (1687), supposedly after seeing an apple fall in his garden;
Formulated 3 laws of motion;
Laid foundation for the modern study of optics.

German
Discovered an eponymous law stating that the steady current through any portion of an electric current is directly proportional to the applied electromotive force.

German
Developed the quantum theory of energy (1900), for which he won the Nobel Prize (1918); Also known for an eponymous constant.

German
Discovered X-rays (1895), for which he won the Nobel Prize (1901).

Russian
Russian 'Father of the Hydrogen Bomb' (1952), worked on the Manhattan Project.

English-born American
Stated that heat was not a substance of a body, but the result of the motion of the particles in that substance.

Italian
Developed the mercury barometer (1643);
Improved the telescope;
A unit of pressure is named for him.

Italian
Invented the voltaic pile, an early type of electric battery (1800);
An electromagnetic unit is named after him.