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Bio 105 Exam I Stats
Can you name the Bio 105 Exam I?
By
perolike
20m
72 Questions
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definition
vocab word
% Correct
all members of a species that live in the same area and have the opportunity to interbreed
population
58.3%
the movement of alleles in or out of a population, occurs whenever individuals migrate between populations having different allele frequencies
gene flow
58.3%
a heritable change in one/
more characteristics of a population from one generation to the next
evolution
50%
small scale evolution, single gene or allele frequencies
microevolution
50%
large scale evolution, relates to formation of new species, etc
macroevolution
50%
a group of related organisms that share a distinctive form
species
50%
individuals with traits that make them more suited to native environment tend to survive and reproduce whereas others dont
natural selection
50%
an intermediate state between an ancestral form and the form of its descendants
transitional form
50%
procedures designed to modify traits in domesticated species
selective breeding
50%
a similarity that occurs due to descent from a common ancestor
homology
50%
anatomical features that currently serve no purpose but resemble structures of presumed ancestors
vestigial structure
50%
phenomenon that a trait displays variation within a population
polymorphism
50%
the relative likelihood that a genotype will contribute to the gene pool of the next generation as compared to other genotypes
fitness
50%
a form of natural selection directed at certain traits of sexually reproducing species that make it more likely to choose a mate
sexual selection
50%
members of one sex compete with each other for the opportunity to mate with individuals of the opposite sex
intrasexual selection
50%
the mating of 2 genetically related individuals
inbreeding
50%
when inbreeding produces homozygotes that are less fit, reducing reproductive success of the population
inbreeding depression
50%
the zones where 2 populations can interbreed
hybrid zone
50%
a trait that is similar between 2 species of different lineages
analogous structure
41.7%
structures that are similar to each other because they are derived from a common ancestor
homologous structures
41.7%
homologous genes found in different species
ortholog
41.7%
an organism incorporates genetic material from another organism without being its offspring (common for bacterial species)
horizontal gene transfer
41.7%
a gene that commonly exists as 2 or more alleles in a population (most genes are this)
polymorphic gene
41.7%
p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1 , p+q=1
hardy-weinberg equation
41.7%
the likelihood of an individual contributing fertile offspring to the next generation
reproductive success
41.7%
favors individuals at one extreme of the phenotypic range
directional selection
41.7%
favors individuals with intermediate phenotypes, tends to decrease genetic diversity
stabilizing selection
41.7%
favors individuals at either end of the phenotypic range
diversifying selection
41.7%
sexual selection between members of the opposite sex (male-
female competition)
intersexual selection
41.7%
when 2 or more geographically restricted groups of the same species have one/
more traits that are somewhat different, but not different enough to be a new species
subspecies
41.7%
species concept-
a species is a group of individuals who could potentially interbreed to produce viable, fertile offspring but could not interbreed with members of another species
biological species concept
41.7%
species concept-
each species occupies an ecological niche
ecological species concept
41.7%
formation of a new species
speciation
41.7%
when some members of a species occupy a separate habitat isolated from others, most common way by which cladogenesis occurs
allopatric speciation
41.7%
when members of a species within the same range diverge into 2/
more different species although there are no physical barriers to interbreeding
sympatric speciation
41.7%
the study of the geographic distribution of extinct and living species
biogeography
33.3%
definition
vocab word
% Correct
species which are only found in one specific location
endemic
33.3%
when 2 species from different lineages sometimes become anatomically similar because they occupy similar environments
convergent evolution
33.3%
homologous genes found in the same species
paralog
33.3%
# copies of a specific allele in a population /
total # all alleles for that gene in a population
allele frequency
33.3%
# individuals with a particular genotype in a population /
total # individuals in a population
genotype frequency
33.3%
when balancing selection favors the heterozygote over corresponding homozygote
heterozygote advantage
33.3%
rare forms have selective advantage, 'it pays to be unique'
negative frequency dependent selection
33.3%
changes in allele frequency due to random chance
genetic drift
33.3%
when individuals with similar phenotypes are more likely to mate
non random mating
33.3%
the splitting of a population into 2 or more species
cladogenesis
33.3%
each new species evolves continuously over long spans of time
gradualism
33.3%
the tempo of evolution is more sporadic than suggested by gradualism
punctuated equilibria
33.3%
molecular changes in genetic material that underlie the phenotypic changes associated with evolution
molecular evolution
25%
phenomenon in which the size of large animals isolated on an island shrinks over generations
island dwarfing
25%
molecularly similar characteristics in all living cells (suggests that all living species have a common ancestor)
molecular homology
25%
consists of 2 or more paralogous genes with the genome of a single species
gene family
25%
a gene that commonly exists as a single gene in a population
monomorphic gene
25%
maintains genetic diversity in a population (type of selection)
balancing selection
25%
when allele frequencies of the resulting population change due to genetic drift
bottleneck effect
25%
subdivision of a genetically distinct population adapted to its local environment (for bacterial species)
ecotype
25%
two morphologically similar species may not be able to breed with each other in nature
reproductive isolation
25%
mechanisms which prevent interbreeding between different species
reproductive isolating mechanism
25%
reproductive isolating mechanism which prevents formation of a zygote
prezygotic isolating mechanism
25%
reproductive isolating mechanism which blocks development of viable and fertile individuals after fertilization
postzygotic isolating mechanism
25%
when an organism has more than 2 sets of chromosomes
polyploidy
25%
when an organism has at least one set of chromosomes from 2/
more different species
alloploidy
25%
due to different types of genetic changes such as random gene mutations, occurs on individual level, traits are passed from parent to offspring
variation
16.7%
similar anatomical features that point to past evolutionary relationships, usually discovered through embryonic development
developmental homology
16.7%
when 2 or more genes are derived from the same ancestral gene
homologous gene
16.7%
2 or more alleles are kept in balance and therefore are maintained in a population over many generation
balanced polymorphism
16.7%
when a smaller group of individuals separates from a larger population and establishes a colony in a new location
founder effect
16.7%
species concept-
species are defined based on the separate evolution of lineages
evolutionary lineage concept
16.7%
a single ancestral species has evolved into a wide array of descendant species which vary in habitat/
behavior/
form
adaptive radiation
16.7%
new species arise from pre-
existing species by the accumulation of genetic changes like gene mutations
vertical evolution
8.3%
'survival of the luckiest', non-
darwinian evolution
neutral theory of evolution
8.3%
genetic drift promotes it, does not affect reproductive success
neutral variation
0%
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Bio 105 Exam I
12
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Sep 30, 2012
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