Thermometers; barometers; switches; diffusion pumps; vapor lamps; batteries; vermilion red pigment; cinnabar used in traditional Chinese medicine; mascara

Dating of formerly-living things; charcoal; pencils; inks, paints; rubber products; crude oil; lubrication; battery electrodes; saw blade tips

Antiseptic; water purifying; swimming pool disinfectant; bleach; sewage and industrial waste sanitation; food seasoning; chemical weapons

Beverage cans; packaging foils; kitchen utensils; window frames; strong lightweight alloys; boat construction and auto parts; mirror coating; baseball bats

Fluorescent Lighting; advertising signs; high voltage indicators; gas lasers; lightning arrestors; television tubes; cryogenic refrigeration

Food flavoring and preservatives; desiccant; baking soda; soaps; rock salt; deicing; production of titanium; yellow light in street lamps

Heat-resistant glass and ceramics; lightweight alloys; lubricants and greases; desiccants; batteries in portable devices; treatment of bipolar disorders and depression

Anti-corrosion protective coatings for metals; food cans; solder; window glass; bronze alloy; pewter; electroplating; organ pipes

Cleaning powder; dry wall and plaster of Paris; blackboard chalk; lime, bricks, and cement; ice removal; milk and cheese products; antacids

Electrical wires; switches; plumbing; heating; kettles; coinage; brass musical instruments

Toothpaste and dental rinses; glass etching; infrared light lenses; Teflon; Scotchgard; Gore-tex rainwear; electrical insulation; Lipitor and Prozac

Strong, lightweight alloys; jet engines and spacecraft; boat propeller shafts; white pigments; sky writing; artificial hips; artificial gemstones; golf clubs and racing bicycles

Coins and medals; jewelry; photography; mirrors; plating; cutlery, cell phone covers, electrical contacts and circuit boards; dental fillings; wind musical instruments; catheters

Respiration; combustion; shielding the earth from ultraviolet radiation; iron ore smelting; welding; scuba gear; life-support apparatus

Cast and forged metalwork; alloyed steel; construction; machinery and tools; ship hulls; fences; benches; rail tracks; cooking skillets; fortified breads and cereals

Cooling of superconducting magnets in MRI scanners; shielding gas in arc welding; gas-leak detection; laser eye surgery; modern day airships; birthday balloons

Fossil fuel processing; ammonia production for fertilizer; coolant in generators; rocket fuel; bombs; early balloons and airships; vehicle-powering fuel cells; antiseptic

Coins and monetary systems; bullion; dental fillings; hand-crafted jewelry, medallions; plating; reflectors in medical lasers; solar radiation shield; Ayurvedic rejuvenation

X-ray shielding; soundproofing; automotive batteries; gasoline additives; solders; paints; seals, fishing weights, ceramic glaze; ammunition

Flashbulbs, pyrotechnics and white-light-producing flares; lightweight alloys; snowshoes; catchers' masks; antacids and laxatives; bath salts

Ammonia; Fertilizer; cryogenic refrigerant for blood preservation; cyanide; poisons; explosives; 'laughing gas'

Solid-state electronic devices; microchips; glass, ceramics, and bricks; desiccants; abrasives; lubricants; polishers; sealants; waterproofing; medical implants

Light strong alloys in aircraft; rocket engine nozzles; telescope mirrors; fluorescent lamps; X-ray tube radiation windows; non-magnetic tools; component of emeralds

Bleaches and laundry detergents; fiberglass insulation; insecticides; neodymium magnets; abrasives; nuclear reactor shielding; green-colored pyrotechnics; treatment of arthritis

Safety matches & strikers; tracer bullets; smoke bombs; fertilizers; pesticides; water softeners; cleaning agents; fluorescent light bulbs; methamphetamine production

Catalytic converters; spark plugs; anti-corrosion protection; crucibles and laboratory equipment; hand warmers; bullion; jewelry, watchmaking

Fertilizers; industrial chemical acid; gunpowder; rubber vulcanization; petroleum refining, metal mining; matches; treatment of skin disorders and acne; winemaking