| Name of Tort | Elements | Commentary |
| False Light (1): **** dissemination of a | |
| False Light (2): ...**** **** that would be objectional to the average person. | |
| Disclosure (1): **** dissemination of ... | |
| Disclosure (1): Plaintiff's **** **** that would be objectional to the average person. | |
| Fraud (1): The defendant must make a **** of fact | |
| Fraud (2): That must be **** or ****. | |
| Fraud (3): Intended to ****. | |
| Fraud (4): There must be **** by the buyer. | |
| Fraud (5): There must be **** ****. | |
| Theft of Trade Secrets (1): Plaintiff must possess a **** ****. | |
| Theft of Trade Secrets (1): That defendant must take by **** ****. | |
| Negligence (1): Defendant had a **** of ****. | |
| Negligence (2): Defendant **** that duty. | |
| Negligence (3): Defendant Caused in **** and was the **** cause | |
| Negligence (4): Plaintiff suffered ****. | |
| Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress (1): Threat of **** **** that leads to emotional distress. | |
| Negligent Infliction of Emotional Distress (2): ...directly causing severe emotional distress by itself is likely to result in **** ****. | |
| NIED Bystander Liability (1): Plaintiff and person must be **** ****. | |
| NIED Bystander Liability (2): Plaintiff was **** at the scene. | |
| NIED Bystander Liability (3): Plaintiff observed or perceived the injury. | |
| NY ONLY: NIED Bystander Liability (3): Must be within the **** of ****. | |
| Strict Liability for Domestic Animals: Your liable if you have a domesticated animal with **** propensities. | |
| Strict Liability for Wild Animals: ii. You will be **** **** if you keep a wild animal | |
| Strict Liability for Abnormally Dangerous Activities: Must create a foreseeable risk of **** harm even when reasonable care is exercised. | |
| Strict Liability Products Liability (1): A strict duty owed by a **** ****. | |
| Strict Liability Products Liability (2): Breach of that duty by plaintiff showing the product is ****. | |
| Strict Liability Products Liability (3): Actual and proximate cause. Plaintiff must show that the **** existed when it left defendant's hands. | |
| Strict Liability Products Liability (4): Damages. **** injury or **** damages must been shown, mere economic damages will be denied. | |