| Chapter 7 | 194-223 pages |
|---|
| the uppermost mantle and the overlying crust behave as strong, raid layer | |
| overlies a weak region in the mantle | |
| which dared to challenge the long-held assumption that the continents and oceans basins had fixed geographicpositions | |
| as tectonic forces continue to pull the crust apart, these crustal fragments sink, generating an elongated depression | |
| mountain systems, such as the Andes, which are produced in part by volcanic activity assosiated with the subduction of oceanic lithosphere | |
| where two pates move together, resulting in oceanic lithosphere descending beneath an overriding plate, eventually to be reabsorbed into the mantle or possibly in the collision of | |
| baslatic lavas erupt at the surface at tempatures of 1000C, exceeding a thresshold tempature for magnetism | |
| is the surface manifestations produced as oceanic lithosphere decends into the mantle | |
| where two plates move apart, resulting in upwelling of hot material from the mantle to create new seafloor | |
| | Chapter 7 | 194-223 pages |
|---|
| rocks that formed thousands or millions of years ago and contain a 'record' of the direction of the magnetic poles at the time of their formation | |
| transform faults are part of prominent linear breaks in the seafloor | |
| an area of volcanism, high heat flow, and crustal upliftings | |
| a chain of volganic structures | |
| newly formed land consisting of an arc shaped chain of volcanic islands | |
| te lithosphere is composed of about a two dozen segments having irregular sizes and shapes , they are constant in motion | |
| the north magnetic pole becomes the south magnetic pole, and vice versa | |
| time scale of Earth's magnetic field in the recent past, established for the past few million years | |
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The Nine Planets 
Digits of Pi 
Multiplication Table
