| Description | Woman |
| first European professional female writer; increased women education | |
| regent for Louis XIII | |
| challenged Rousseau's views on women | |
| major patron of the arts | |
| Russian czarina; outsider - spoke Russian and converted to Russian Orthodox Church; appealed to the nobility | |
| English queen with an era named after her | |
| English queen; politique; Protestant, but protected the Catholics; handles many problems with Spain | |
| only female participant in the activities of the Royal Society of London | |
| experimented with X-rays and radiation | |
| ruled France as Francis II and Charles IX's regent; associated with St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre | |
| first woman British prime minister ; extremely conservative | |
| wife of Louis XVI; disliked by the French | |
| English queen; makes England Catholic again; executed Protestant leaders | |
| Queen of Scots; associated with the Babington Plot | |
| Holy Roman Empress | |
| enhanced the cleanliness of hospitals | |
| influential woman in the 18th century; held power through salons | |
| Louis XIV's wife | |