| Belgium from 900 until the Burgundian takeover in the late 14th/early 15th century was divided between two allegiances, with the County of Flanders owing allegiance to the King of France, while most of the rest owed allegiance to the Holy Roman Empire. This arrangement continued nominally until 1529, when Emperor Charles V secured the adhesion of Flanders and Artois (which is now in France) to the Empire. Until about 1100, the imperial portion was largely composed of the Duchy of Lower Lotharingia, or Lothier, but that was dismantled in the early twelfth century and replaced by a large number of smaller fiefs. |