Fluid Balance and Endocrine Regulation Quiz

Question	Answer
Where is renin made?
Where is angiotensin converting enzyme found?
What organ is really important for the regulation of Na and Water levels?
True or False: angiotensin II is a negative feedback regulator of renin secretion.
true or false: angiotensin II is produced in the blood.
Angiotensin II binds to what receptor on the JG cells to inhibit renin secretion?
True or False: angiotensin can act at sympathetic nervous system to inhibit the release of norepinephrine.
True or False: ADH increases urine volume.
True or False: Aldosterone acts to increase water excretion.
Where in the kidney does angiotensin II act to increase water and sodium intake?
The actions of ANP and BNP primarily oppose the affects of what hormone?
True or False: The macula densa cells detect a decrease in Na filtration then through a paracrine mechanism renin is released by the JG cells.
Where in the kidney does ADH act to increase water resorption?
The osmoreceptors in the brain project to which 2 nuclei of the hypothalamus?
True or False: The V2 receptor activates adenylyl cyclase, increasing cAMP levels, activating protein kinase A, which activates aquaporin 2 channels at the collecting duct of the k
True or False: Aldosterone acts at the collecting duct and distal tubule of the kidney to promote reabsorption of Na and Cl.
Where are the 2 natriuretic peptides made?
True or False: The secretion of ANP is controlled by activation of stretch receptors in the atria of the heart.
What natriuretic peptide is made by ventricular myocytes?
angiotensinogen is made in the _____.
True or False: The parasymapthetic nervous system is involved in promoting the secretion of renin.
enzyme responsible for converting angiotensin I to angiotensin II
Where are the brain osmoreceptors located?
with a ____ in water intake, osmolality increases
Receptor for ANP and BNP
Swelling of osmoreceptors inactivates neurons in the SO and PVN nuclei decreasing or inhibiting synthesis and release of ADH at the posterior pituitary.
a decrease in blood volume as detected by the baroreceptors of the kidney cause the release of what hormone?

Question	Answer
What hormone is released by the adrenal cortex can act on the liver stimulating angiotensinogen?
What type of catecholamine receptors are located on JG cells promoting renin secretion?
angiotensin II acts at the zona glomerulosa of the adrenal cortex to produce what hormone?
When plasma is hyposmolar, Is urine volume increased or decreased?
True or False: Angiotensin II can act in the brain to increase water and sodium intake.
Total volume of Body Water (L)
Which ADH receptors are found in the arterioles?
caused by inadequate synthesis or release of ADH due to a head injury or brain tumor. It results in large volumes of urine.
What are the 2 natriuretic peptides?
known biomarker of heart failure
When osmolality ____, cells in the body shrink
What is angiotensin II affect on blood vessels?
angiotensin II acts in the brain by using the ______ organs to bypass the blood brain barrier.
primary control point for the production of angiotensin II
True or False: Thirst is activated by shrinkage of osmoreceptors in the brain.
When sodium is ingested, what happens to the osmolality of the body's fluids?
major sites of action for aldosterone in the kidney (2 places)
shrinkage of osmoreceptors due to a decrease in water intake (hyperosmolar) activates the neurons in the SO and PVN nuclei of the hypothalamus to induce secretion of what hormone?
cells in the brain that detect changes in osmolality of the extracellular fluid
What is ANP and BNP's affect on blood vessels?
True or False: ANP and BNP promote Na excretion and water excretion.
Which ADH receptor is responsible for its actions on the kidney?
What natriuretic peptide is made by atrial myocytes?
with a decrease in osmolalilty, cell in the body shrink or swell?
pathological problem that occurs when kidney fails to respond to ADH due to defective V2 receptors or aquaporin 2. causes production of large volumes of urine with normal levels of
an increase in water intake causes a _____ in osmolality
Information from the left atria, aortic arch, and carotid sinus is detected baroreceptors and sent to the brainstem via which two nerves?

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