Cynicism, known for his severe asceticism and teacher of Demonax
1st / 2nd century AD
Pyrrhonist, thought to be the creator of the 'five grounds of doubt'
7th / 6th century BC
Milesian, the indefinite (or apeiron) was the source of all things
4th / 3th century BC
Academic skeptic, presented the first known model that placed the Sun at the center of the known universe with the Earth revolving around it
4th century BC
Peripatetic, 'the first genuine scientist in history', tutored Alexander the Great
c. 214 BC – 129/8 BC
Academic skeptic, known for the ethics thought experiment 'the plank of ...'
412 or 404 BC - 323 BC
Cynic, often slept in a large ceramic jar in the marketplace, carried a lamp in the daytime
c. 490 – c. 430 BC
Pluralist, all matter is made up of four elements: water, earth, air and fire
AD 55 – 135
Stoic, wrote The Enchiridion, a handbook of Stoic ethical advice
341–270 BC
Epicurean, said that the purpose of philosophy was to attain tranquility characterized by ataraxia
c. 535 – c. 475 BC
Ephesian, claimed that 'You cannot step in the same river twice' and 'Everything Flows'
350-370 – 415
Neoplatonic, was murdered by a Christian mob or by Christian zealots
Lived
Name
School and Notable Facts
late 6th or early 5th century BC
Eleatic, held that the only thing that exists is being itself, teacher of Zeno of Elea
428/427 BC - 348/347 BC
Academic, founder of the Academy in Athens, widely considered the most pivotal figure in the development of philosophy, especially the Western tradition
c. 204/5 – 270
Neoplatonic, in his philosophy there are three principles: the One, the Intellect, and the Soul, inspired centuries of metaphysicians and mystics
234 – c. 305
Neoplatonic, wrote the Isagoge, an introduction to Aristotle's 'Categories'
c. 570 – c. 495 BC
Pythagorean, best known for the theorem which bears his name
470/469 – 399 BC
Socratic, founding figure of Western philosophy, died by drinking the hemlock
c. 407 BC – 339 BC
Academic, developed the philosophy of Plato, but rejected the Theory of Forms
c. 624 – c. 546 BC
Milesian, the first philosopher, held that the first principle (arche) is water, one of the Seven Sages of Greece
c. 396 BC – 314 BC
Academic, He distinguished three forms of being, the sensible, the intelligible, and a third compounded of the two, to which correspond respectively, sense, intellect and opinion
c. 570 – c. 475 BC
Eleatic, claimed that, if oxen were able to imagine gods, those gods would be in the image of oxen
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