Can you name the Russell Block 3 Spring 2011 ? by babydoctor

Question	Answer	Extra Info
Uncommon idiopathic systemic granulomatous disease. Often affects the lungs and causes respiratory insufficiency. Lesions are non-caseating granulomas without identifiable organism		Hilar nodes are usually affected. Sarcoidosis may 'burn out' but leaves a scarred fibrotic lung.
_______ tumor: Apical lung cancer in the superior pulmonary sulcus invades nerves around trachea including the cervical sympathetic plexus. Causes severe pain in the distribution o		0
Replacement of one type of epithelium by another.		0
Tumor of the urinary bladder and collecting system that is almost invariably benign. Frond-like structures with a delicate fibrovascular core, lined by normal urothelium.		0
May have a biphasic pattern with epithelial appearing carcinomatous and fibrous-appearing sarcomatous elements. Iron-coated asbestos body in Broncho-alveolar lavage.		0
Diseases induced by inorganic and organic particulates and chemical fumes and vapors. Development depends on the amount of dust retained in the airways and lung parenchyma.		0
Large Cell Undifferentiated Carcinoma is often widely disseminated at the time of diagnosis. Aggressive tumors with ______ prognosis.		0
The most common benign solid renal tumor. Originate in the intercalated cells of the renal collecting ducts. Characteristic mahogany brown color.		0
Usually appears as a gray-white peripheral mass with pleural puckering. Tumor forms glands and may produce mucin. More common in women.		Not as strongly associated with smoking as squamous cell carcinoma.
Intrathoracic tumor spread include spread into hilar lymph nodes, spread into contralateral lung, and _______ syndrome.		0
Endobronchial polypoid obstructing mass or mucosal plaque. Appear in younger population than bronchogenic carcinomas. Mean age 40 years. Cough and hemoptysis presenting symptoms.		0
Benign tumor with an admixture of thick-walled vessels, mature fat, and smooth muscle. Presenting symptoms are flank pain due to intra-tumor hemorrhage.		0
Another name for transitional epithelium.		The urinary bladder and collecting systems are lined by transitional epithelium.
Polypoid plugs of connective tissue in alveoli and bronchioli. Connective tissue is all of the same age in contrast to UIP. No honeycomb changes usually.		0
DDx Chromophobe vs. Oncocytoma: Chromophobe is _______ positive.		Both originate in the intercalated cells of the renal collecting ducts
Subset of adenocarcinoma. Arises in the terminal bronchioles and alveoli. Typically peripheral gray-white nodules. 'Lepidic' growth pattern is a typical feature.		0
_______ Cell Carcinoma: More common in males than females. Usually centrally located, gray-white bronchial mass. Often leads to bronchial obstruction.		Progression from metaplasia to dysplasia to carcinoma in-situ to invasive carcinoma

Question	Answer	Extra Info
The most common (95%) oral malignant tumor. Arises form foci of dysplastic epithelium.		Associated with tobacco, alcohol, and HPV
Most common primary lung tumor (95%). Number one cause of cancer death in both men and women. In 2006, approximately 172, 570 new lung cancer cases were diagnosed.		0
Most common primary kidney tumor in children and the 3rd most common tumor in children less than 10yo. Large abdominal mass is the usual presenting symptom.		0
Neuroendocrine origin. The most malignant of all lung tumors. Usually central. Strongly associated with smoking. Patients often older than average lung cancer patients.		Metastasizes early and widely. Bone marrow metastases common and often present at the time of diagnosis. Invasion and obstruction of superior vena cava is common leading to superior vena cava syndrome.
DDx Chromophobe vs. Oncocytoma:Oncocytoma is ______ positive		Both originate in the intercalated cells of the renal collecting ducts.
Highly malignant tumor associated with asbestos exposure. Poor prognosis. Psammoma bodies.		0
5% of all renal cell carcinomas. Arise from intercalated cells of collecting ducts. Better prognosis than other renal cell carcinomas.		0
Atypical carcinoid has increased _______ rate, cellular pleiomorphism, tumor necrosis, and higher incidence of hilar lymph node and distant metastases.		0
70-80% of all renal cell carcinomas. High fat content in the tumor cells gives the tumor a yellow-orange color. Richly vascular stroma.		Tumor cell morphology may vary from the classic lipid-laden clear cells with abundant cytoplasm to cells with granular cytoplasm and large hyperchromatic, pleomorphic nuclei and abnormal mitoses.
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma survival even with treatment is less than _____ year.		0
Composed of nests and cords of uniform cells that have regular round nuclei with 'salt and pepper' chromatin, absent or rare mitoses and little pleomorphism.		0
Three histologic components of Wilms tumor are stroma, blastema, and _______.		0
Ratio of the thickness of the mucous gland layer to the thickness of the wall between the epithelium and the carilage. Normal =0.4. Increased in Chronic bronchitis.		0
______ Carcinoma: EBV is found in close to 100% of cases. Rare. high frequency in Chinese people.		Variants are keratinizing and non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and undifferentiated carcinoma (most common). Tumors invade locally and metastasize to cervical lymph nodes and beyond. Radiosensitive.
10-15% of all renal cell carcinomas. Often multifocal and bilateral.		0
Diffuse damage to alveolar capillary walls. The underlying mechanism is an imbalance of pro and antiinflammatory mediators.		0

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