Advanced placement psychology review Quiz by adill

term, key person, vocab	answer
having to do with an organism's thinking and understanding
the scientific study of behavior and mental processes
an assumption or prediction about behavior that is tested through scientific research
method of self observatoin in which participants report their thoughts and feelings
branch of medicine that deals with mental, emotional, or behavioral disorders
subfield of psych that is involved in diagnosing and treating people with mental disorders
research method involving an intensive investigatoin of one or more participants
research method in which the subject is observed in their natural environment
a small group of participants that the researcher studies
the measure of a relationship between two variables or sets of data
research method in which info is obtained by asking many individuals a fixed set of questions
research method in which data are collected about a group of participants over a number of years
type of research method in which data are collected form groups of participants of different ages and then compared to draw conclusions about differences
type of correlatoin which one variable increases and the other decreases
the experimental group that is exposed to the independent variable
the experimental factor being manipulated
the experimental factor that is being measured
experiemental procedure in which both the participants and research staff are ignorant about who is in the experiemntal and control group
most frequently occuring score in a distribution
middle score in a distribution
computed measure of how much scores vary around the mean score
enduring behaviors, ideas attitudes and traditions shared by a large group of people and transmitted from 1 generation to the next
a change in a participant that results from a belief that the treatment will have an effect rather than from actual treatment
a graph of frequency distributionshaped like a symmetrical, bell shaped curve
study of changes that occur as an individual ages
an infant's response in turning toward the source of touching that occurs anywhere around his or her mouth
internally programmed growth
experimental method used to test depth perception
the kind of verbal utterances in which words are left out, but the meaning is usually clear
a conceptual framework a person uses to make sense of the world
the process of fitting objects and experiences into one's schemas
the adjustment of one's schemas to include newly observed events and experiences
a child's realizatoin that an object exists even when they cannot see or touch it
a young child's inability to understand another person's perspective
the principle that a given quantity does not change when its appearance is changed
swiss psychologist
first stage of cognitive development
third stage of piaget's theory
inherited tendency for some newborn animals to follow the first moving object they see
this person studied imprinting
a specific time in developemnt when certain skills or abilities are most easily learned, a window of opportunity
type of parenting style in which child and parent both participate in decisions
parenting style in which parents attempt to control, shape and evaluate the child's life
the process of learning the rules of behavior of the culture within which an individual is born and will live
first stage of freud's psychosexual development
stage of freud's psychosexual theory in which sexual thoughts are reprssed and teh child focuses on developing social and intellectual skills
psychologist who studied moral development
psychologist who studied psychosocial development
first stage of psychosocial development
5th stage of erikson's theory in which an individual is learning to form their identity
first stage of moral development
acting in accordance with some specified authority
the sex group to which an individual biologically belongs
the set of behaviors that society considers appropriate for each sex

term, key person, vocab	answer
desire, in middle age, to use one's accumulated wisdom to guide future generations
a condition that destroys a person's ability to think, remember, relate to others, and care fo rhim or herself
study of death and dying
long thin cells on nerve tissue along which messages travel to and from the brain
the gap that exists between individual nerve cells
includes the brain and spinal cord
nerves branching beyond the spinal cord into the body
chemicals released by neurons
chemical involved in learning, emotional arousal and movement and linked to schizophrenia
chemical involved in movement and memory
type of neurons that relay messages form teh sense organs to the brain
type of neurons that send signals from the brain to the glands and muscles
part of teh pns that controls voluntary movement of skeletal muscles
located behind the spinal cord and helps control posture, balance, voluntary movements
brain area that is involved in alertness and the sleep/wake cycle
brain part that acts like a relay station for all incoming and outgoing information
brain structure involded in hunger, thirst, and sexual behavior
includes the 2 hemispheres and 4 lobes
system in our brain that regulates our emotions adn motivations
brain structure that is important in the formatoin of memories
the cerebral hemispheres are connected by this band of fibers
different regions into which the cerebral cortex is divided
planning, thinking and working memory lobe of the brain
hearing, advanced visual processing lobe
primary visual lobe of the brain
type of machine used to record electrical activity of the brain
slower chemical communication system of the body
center of control for the endocrine system
genetic transmission of characteristics form parents to offspring
the basic building blocks of heredity
state of awareness that includes a person's feelings, sensations, ideas and perceptions
state of sleep when dreams occur
sleep disorder in which a person fails to get enought sleep
a sleep disorder in which a person has trouble breathing whild asleep
the rhythm of activity and inactivity lasting approximately 24-25 hours
sleep disruptions that occur during stage 4 of sleep, involving screaming, panic or confusion
condition characterized by suddenly falling asleep or feeling very sleepy during the day
story line of a dream according to freud
underlying meaning of a dream
perceptions that have no direct external cause
weakest amount of a simulus that a person can detect 50%
organizatoin of sensory info into meaningful experiences
what occurs when a stimulus activates a receptor
principle that for any change in a stimulus to be detected, a constant proportion of that stimulus must be added or subtracted
opening in the iris that regulates the amount of light entering
innermost coating of the back of the eye that contains the light sensitive receptor cells
nerve that carries impulses from the retina to teh brain
nerve that caries smell impulses from the nose to the brain
3 semicircular canals that provide the sense of balance, located in the inner ear and connected to teh brain by a nerve
sense of movement and body position
the experience that comes from organizing bits and pieces of info into meaningful wholes
learning conditoin in which associations are made between a neutral stimuls and an unconditioned stimulus
won a nobel prize for his work on classical conditioning
responding similarly to a range of similar stimuli

term, key person, vocab	answer
the ability to respond differently to similar but distinct stimuli
gradual disappearance of a conditionied response when the cs is repeatedly presented without the unconditioned stimulus
learning in which a certain action is reinforced or punished resulting in corresponding increases or decreases in occurance
stimulus or event that follows a behavior that increses the likelihood of it occuring again
pattern of reinforcement in which a specific number of correct responses is required before reinformcent can be obtained
a stimulus that is naturally rewarding such as food or water
key researcher in operant conditioning
technique in which desired behavior is 'molded' by firs rewarding any act similar to that behavior and then requiring ever closer approximations ot the desired behavior before givi
schedule of reinformcement in which an unpredictable number of responses are required before reinforcement is given
a mental picture of spatial relationships
studied social learning and used a bobo doll
process of obtaining information that has been stored in memory
process by which infor is maintained over a period of time
the transforming of information so that the nervous system can process it
the input, storage, and retrieval of what has been learned or experienced
chronological retention of the events of one's life
stored knowledge tha can be called forth consciously as needed
permanent storage of learned skills that does not require conscious recollection
average number of items we can keep in stm
memory retrieval in which a person reconstructs previously learned material
techniques for using associationjs to memorize and retrieve information
thinking about thinking
a representative example of a concept
a step by step procedure for solving a problem
a rule of thumb problem solving strategy
individual sound unit in a language
smallest distinctive unit of meaning in a language
language rules the govern how words can be combined to form meaningful phrases and sentences
the study of meaing in language
positive stress
stress that stems from acute anxiety or pressure
when one must choose between 2 attractive alternatives
the body's natural defense agains infection
type of person that is generally relaxed, patient and does not easily become angryf
an inclination to over attribute others behavior to internal causes and discount situational factors
a tendency to claim success is due to our efforts while failure is due to circumstances beyond our control
studies multiple intelligences
came up with a triarchic theory of intelligence
g factor theorist
studied conformity
studied obedience
an increase in performance in front of a crowd
poor grop decision making that occurs as a result of a group emphasizing unity over critical thinking
acting in accord with group norms or customs
releasing anger or aggression by letting out powerful negative emotions
the presence of others lessens an individuals feelings of responsibility for his or her actions or failure to act
an individual does not take action because of the presence of the others
helping others for reasons other than rewards
tendency to work less hard when sharing the workload with others
individuals behavior irrationally when there is less chance of being personally identified
predisposition to think, act and feel in particilar ways toward a class of people, objects or an idea
the uncomfortable feeling when a person experiences contradictory or conflicing thoughts, attitudes, beliefs or feelings

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