| element name/symbol | valency of | electron arrangement |
| Hydrogen/H | |
| Helium/He | |
| Lithium/Li | |
| Berrylium/Be | |
| Boron/B | |
| Carbon/C | |
| Nitrogen/N | |
| Oxygen/O | |
| Flourine/F | |
| Neon/N | |
| Sodium/Na | |
| Magnesium/Mg | |
| Silicon/Si | |
| Phosphorus/P | |
| Sulphur/S | |
| Chlorine/Cl | |
| | element name/symbol | valency of | electron arrangement |
| Argon/Ar | |
| Potassium/K | |
| Calcium/Ca | |
| Arsenic/As | |
| Selenium/Se | |
| Bromine/Br | |
| Krypton/Kr | |
| Rubidium/Rb | |
| Strontium/Sr | |
| Tellurium/Tl | |
| Iodine/I | |
| Xenon/X | |
| Caesium/Cs | |
| Barium/Ba | |
| Astatine/At | |
| Radon/Rn | |
|