| Characteristic | Family |
|---|
| [caecilian]Up to 50 cm, free swimming larva, female attends 25-40 eggs(thus oviparous) | |
| [subfamily]Batrachoseps, Bolitoglossa, Dendrotriton, Eurycea, Psuedotriton | |
| Mole salamanders | |
| Torrent salamanders | |
| Internal fertilization and noxious skin secretions/aposematic coloration. Some retain eggs in body, birthing advanced larva or 'mature' young. | |
| Fully aquatic, flattened, and up to 1.6 meters in length, this family can live for over 30 years. | |
| This family is fully aquatic, found in slow-moving water, and is found in SE United States and NE Mexico. | |
| Includes the genera Siren & Pseudobranchus(4 species total) | |
| 4 species in 1 genus, found in NW USA | |
| Have noxious milky-white skin secretions and some have aposematic coloration. Found only in North America. | |
| [caecilian]Up to 33 cm, oviparous, larva have gill slits, mouth at the tip of the snout | |
| Males herd females into their nests under large rocks and tend to the eggs after mating through external fertilization. | |
| Has 27 genera and 431 species | |
| [subfamily]Aneides, Desmognathus, Ensantina, Hydromantes, Plethodon | |
| Found in the NW USA only, internal reproduction, tail-lash defense, and are fairly small. | |
| Caecilians- yeah i know it's not a family, deal with it | |
| Paedomorphic and found in slow moving waters in the SE US. Internal fertilization. | |
| 1 genus & 3 species found in the Southeastern US | |
| [caecilian]3 genera & 53 species. Found in SE Asia. | |
| Mudpuppies and olms | |
| External fertilization, eggs tended by females. This family can escape drought conditions by aestivating in a mucous cocoon. | |
| Lay eggs in logs or in alligator mounds, up to 1 meter in length. | |
| Projectile tongues and mental glands. Males in some species have cirri. | |
| Superfamily that includes all salamanders with internal fertilization | |
| Slender & eel-like, lacking hindlimbs and eyelids. Adults retain eternal gills and suction-feeding. | |
| The axolotl is in this family. | |
| No nasolabial or distinct costal grooves.Terrestrial as young, have laterally compressed tails as aquatic adults. | |
| | Characteristic | Family |
|---|
| Squared off glands behind vent in males, internal fertilization, and found in old growth forests and cold streams. | |
| [order]Elongate and limbless, have tentacles. Internal fertilization, often no tail, specialized for burrowing. | |
| Can live over 50 years, are aquatic with gills and reduced number of toes, but retain all 4 limbs. | |
| 32 species in 1 genus | |
| Found in Europe, NW Africa, Asia & N.A. Rough, pebbly skin. | |
| [caecilian]Recessed mouth, lacks tail | |
| [caecilian]True tail, tentacle adjacent to eye | |
| [caecilian]True tail, tentacle between eye and nostril. | |
| [caecilian]Often bright coloration, mostly viviparous | |
| Sometimes called conger eels or congo snakes. | |
| Toad-like and big(35 cm), with sharp teeth, indistinct costal grooves and mottled skin patterns. | |
| 21 genera & 97 species | |
| Newts | |
| Obvious costal grooves, up to 22 cm, and found only in North America. | |
| [caecilian]Up to 1 meter long, eats earthworms | |
| 9 genera & 58 species | |
| Live only in Central and E. Asia, difficult to distinguish from other groups without skeletons. | |
| The hellbender is in this family. | |
| [caecilian]2 genera & 42 species, Central & South America | |
| External fertilization, terrestrial as adults, lay eggs in high mountain streams | |
| [caecilian]2 genera & 11 species found in South America | |
| Have nasolabial grooves, lungless. Found in the Americas and Europe. | |
| Can survive drought by forming a cocoon, aquatic, 4 limbs | |
| 2 genera and six species, found in E. United States and central/SE Europe. | |
| Found in E. North America and E. Asia, this family has 3 species in 2 genera. | |
| Internal fertilization. Genera include Necturus and Proteus. Eats a variety of food including small invertebrates/vertebrates, fish eggs, carrion | |
| 4 species in 1 genus, found in NW USA | |
|
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Planets from the Sun
Digits of Pi
