| Hint | Disease | Primary Organ(s) |
| Overgrowths of edematous inflammatory tissue; “Singer’s nodes” | |
| Persistent cough with copious sputum for at least 3 months for 2 consecutive years; inflammation, fibrosis, and resultant narrowing of bronchioles | |
| Deep necrotic ulcerations; may progress to palatal perforation | |
| Headache, fever, facial pain, malaise, nasal discharge | |
| Abnormal, permanent, and irregular dilation of bronchi associated with superimposed, necrotizing infection | |
| Spores in soil contaminated with bird or bat droppings; most involve asymptomatic-calcified hilar nodes | |
| Anterior bowing of the posterior wall of the maxillary sinus; dense fibrous connective tissue with myofribroblasts | |
| Weight loss (‘consumption’), chronic bloody cough; necrotizing granulomatous inflammation, multinucleated giant cells | |
| Benign, papillary overgrowth of epithelium | |
| Later signs include ulcerations and destrunction of adjacent tissue or structures; elevated c-ANCA; “strawberry gums” | |
| Often no clinical features; spread to hilar and scalene nodes, then to the adrenals, liver, brain, bone, and kidney; paraneoplastic syndromes | |
| Arteriosclerosis or increased pulmonary vascular blood flow associated with pulmonary hypertension | |
| Secondary to left-sided heart disease, allergies, CNS disorders; lungs become heavy and wet | |
| Diffuse increase in permeability leading to fluid in the septa and alveolar spaces | |
| Sudden episodes of bronchospasm and dyspnea; Curschmann’s spirals and Charcot-Leyden crystals in sputum | |
| | Hint | Disease | Primary Organ(s) |
| Airless lung, appearing shrunken, red-blue, rubbery and non-crepitate | |
| Ideopathic multisystem granulomatous process; Langhans’ or foreign body giant cells, Schaumann bodies, Asteroid bodies | |
| Associated with smoking and asbestos; pain, hemoptysis, increasing hoarseness | |
| Pneumonia with patchy distribution within the lobes | |
| Resistance to expiration; progressive dyspnea, reduced recoil, cyanosis, weight loss, hypoxic brain damage, bronchopneumonia, cor pulmonale | |
| Enlarged cervical nodes, unilateral serous otitis media and hearing loss | |
| Shortly after birth, respiration becomes increasingly labored; deficiency of pulmonary surfactant | |
| Enlargement and destruction of air spaces distal to the terminal bronchioles | |
| Benign but aggressive neoplasm of the sinuses; inward growth of squamous epithelium | |
| 95% occur from deep leg vein thrombosis; dyspnea with or without shock or sudden death, pain, hemoptysis, cor pulmonale | |
| Cough with foul-smelling mucus, fever, pain | |
| Pneumonia that infects an entire lobe | |
| Common cold, catarrhal discharge, mucopurulent discharge secondary to bacterial infection | |
| Croup in children under the age of 3; loud breathing and cough with difficulty in breathing | |
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