Supernova in Crab Nebula noted by Chinese and Arab Astronomers

Crusader Army wiped out by Saladin at Horns of Hattin

City of Providence, Rhode Island, officially formed

French & Indian War: George Washington surrenders Ft Necessity

US Military Academy at West Point opens

US government announces the Louisiana Purchase

Nathaniel Hawthorne born

Giuseppe Garibaldi, founding father of modern Italy, born

Construction of Erie Canal begins

Thomas Jefferson and John Adams both die

Whitman publishes first edition of 'Leaves of Grass'

Lee's Army of Northern Virginia withdraws from Gettysburg

Carroll publishes 'Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'

Calvin Coolidge born

France offers US the Statue of Liberty

Actress Gloria Stuart (Cameron's 'Titanic') born

President Wilson addresses the survivors of Gettysburg

Archduke Francis Ferdinand and wife buried in Vienna

Nicholas II and his family killed in Russia by Bolsheviks

Playwright Neil Simon born

Chemist Marie Curie dies

'Luckiest Man on Earth' Lou Gehrig retires from baseball at Yankee Stadium

Nazis massacre Polish intellectuals at Lviv in Ukraine

Battle of Kursk commences on the Eastern Front (July 4/5)

The Philippines attains its independence

Radio Free Europe makes its first broadcast

LBJ signs the Freedom of Information Act into law

Klaus Barbie convicted of crimes against humanity; sentenced to life in prison

NASA's Pathfinder lands on Mars

Steve McNair, former QB, murdered

Particles consistant with the Higs Boson are discovered at the Hadron Collider in CERN