| Function | Hormone |
| Causes thyroid gland cells to secrete T3 and T4; stimulates thyroid growth | |
| WOMEN: initiates growth of ovarian follicles each month and stimulates ovulation; MEN: stimulates sperm production | |
| WOMEN: regulates estrogen secretion and ovum development; MEN: testosterone production | |
| Affects size of an individual by promoting cell division, protein synthesis, and bone growth | |
| Stimulates adrenal cortex to secrete cortisol | |
| Promotes water retention, in high concentrations is also a vasoconstrictor; both of these effects raise the blood pressure | |
| Signals the pituitary gland to release TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) | |
| Stimulates the anterior pituitary to secrete FSH and LH | |
| Signals the release of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary | |
| Signals the release of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) from the pituitary | |
| Targets the brain to control circadian rhythms | |
| Regulates metabolism by controlling the rate of oxidation in cells | |
| | Function | Hormone |
| Keeps the bone in | |
| Increases blood levels of calcium (stimulates breakdown of bone) | |
| Hormone produced by the pancreas that is released when stimulated by elevated glucose levels. | |
| The antagonist of insulin. Its release is stimulated by low blood glucose levels. | |
| activates sympathetic nervous system by making the heart beat faster, stopping digestion, enlarging pupils, sending sugar into the bloodstream | |
| chemical which is excitatory, similar to adrenaline, and affects arousal and memory; raises blood pressure by causing blood vessels to become constricted | |
| salt-retaining hormone; Na+ retention promotes water retention, which promotes a higher blood volume and pressure | |
| Secreted from the adrenal cortex, aids the body during stress by increasing glucose levels and suppressing immune system function | |
| Develops and maintains female secondary sex characteristics, important roles in menstruation and pregnancy | |
| Works with estrogen to control the menstrual cycle. Also secreted to prepare uterus for pregnancy | |
| Promotes the maturation of the reproductive system, development of the male secondary sex characteristics | |
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