| Contribution | Name |
| X-ray crystallography of DNA structure | |
| Her cells became the first successful human tissue culture | |
| Theory of radioactivity, isolated radioisotopes and experimented with curing cancer | |
| Primatologist and conservationist who studied complex behaviour in chimpanzees | |
| Pharmacologist who developed many drugs including AZT (AIDS), pyrimethamine (malaria) and many others | |
| First woman in space (1963) | |
| Discovery of transposons in maize | |
| Researcher in olfactory receptors and odour recognition | |
| Influential environmentalist, author of Silent Spring | |
| Pioneer of X-ray diffraction of biological molecules (pepsin, cholesterol, vitamin B12, insulin, etc) | |