| You really have to be far, far clearer on what is a "puppet state" and what isn't. Finland, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Spain and Portugal were all independent states for all or almost all of the war. Turkey and Sweden were essentially neutral, as were Switzerland (although under strong German influence) and Ireland (although under strong Anglo-American influence). Denmark's government was under occupation but nominally autonomous and independent at least until 1943, as was Vichy France's and (after 1943) Iceland's. Slovakia, Croatia, Quisling's Norway and Manchuria come closest, perhaps, to true "puppet states". Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia and Mongolia had Soviet puppet governments. Korea and Taiwan were treated as part of Japan, but, as others have said, there were other Japanese puppet governments in (for example) the Philippines, Vietnam and (at the very end) Indonesia. There was at least in postage-stamp-printing theory, even an independent Indian government ("Azad Hind") under Subhas Chandra Bose, with an Indian National Army allied with the Axis. The occupations of Belgium, Luxembourg (incorporated into a German Gau), the Netherlands and the Channel Islands were different, as were a fleeting variety of theoretical regimes in the Balkans. It's just unbelievably complicated, even if you look at one of the more detailed political maps of the period, and my comments above are certainly not comprehensive or even 100% accurate. |
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