Cell and Molecular Bio Test 1 Part 1 Quiz

Question/Definition	Answer/Term	Extra Info
The extent or rate of occurrence, especially the number of new cases of a disease in a population over a period of time.
Specific membrane protein that binds to each other and helps pull a vesicle and cell membrane together.		Extends from vesicle membrane
Inhibits G Proteins
Mucus and “bad stuff”
Imply separate proteins that are stuck to one another and work together; one such protein is a _______ of the assembly.
Reduction of oxygen supply to a tissue below physiological levels despite adequate perfusion of the tissue by blood.
Enzyme that cleaves synaptobrevin in the middle
Lining of the gut that absorbs nutrients from digested food.
What is Arginine?
Rigid contraction paralysis.
Rate at saturation for a given enzyme concentration in moles per unit time.
How many Ca2+ can you transport with one ATP under typical conditions?		Intracellular Calcium = .1 uM; Extracellular calcium = 1 mM
Cells with a true distinct nucleus; i.e. multicellular organisms
White Blood cells responsible for the immune response of the body.
Condition in which you fail to make or respond to insulin
Cells that wait for a trigger to release their contents through the process of degranulation.
Protein that allows chlorine to flow into/out of the cell membrane
One protein binds to another, thereby activating the enzymatic activity of one of them.
Difficulty breathing
Proteins embedded in the plasma membrane.
Biological catalysts
The progression of the disease
The addition of ADP-Ribose to the alpha subunit of the G protein, which turns the phosphorylation of GTP off
Neuron that prevents motor neuron activity
The total number of cases of a disease in a given population for a given year.
Promote white cell homing - eosinophils in particular, increased vascular permeability, giving rise to edema, bronchiole constriction due to smooth muscle contraction,		and mucus secretion by respiratory epithelial cells.
Inflamation of the joints
Process of transferring a ribosyl group
Most deadly toxins in the world. Cleave synaptobrevin.
The process of pushing through the blood vessel wall into the tissue
Typically -70mV, measured inside relative to outside
Leave the tissue to become mast cells. Release substances that increase vascular permeability and recruit other immune cells – inflammation.		Highly granular
The attraction of leukocytes by chemical means.
Substances released from cells that affect the behavior of neighboring cells; generic term.
Barrier to the transport of larger molecules especially ones that are polar or charged.
Any of the minute branches into which a bronchus divides, lead to alveoli.
Suffix; too many
Molecule used for communcation		Example: NO
Neurons responsible for movement.

Question/Definition	Answer/Term	Extra Info
ΔG for ATP Hydrolysis
Part of an enzyme that is used for lowering the activation energy for a particular reaction
Recurring
Add phosphates to proteins
Specific leukotriene responsible for the problems of asthma
The use of light measurements to measure how dark something is.
A layer of cells that lines the inside of certain body cavities, for example, blood vessels.
Causing diarrhea
Proteins that are bound to the outside of the plasma membrane but not a part of it. (like to sit on bilayer)
Noncompetitive inhibitor binds to somewhere besides the active site altering the shape of the enzyme.
Build-up of carbon dioxide in the blood produces a shift in the body's pH balance and causes the body's system to become more acidic.		Caused by hypoventilation
Energy from an electrochemical gradient is used to drive the transport of another
One substrate aids or impedes catalysis by another, implying multiple catalytic subunits
Cells without a true distinct nucleus; i.e. bacteria
Lack of blood flow from low blood volume
The likely course of a disease or ailment
Blocking of exocrine pancreatic ducts
Structurally and functionally distinct regions of a single protein.
Proteins that pass all the way through the plasma membrane.
Reduced or deficient ventilation of the lungs, resulting in reduced aeration of blood in the lungs and an increased level of carbon dioxide in the blood.
Muscles completely lose contractability
Low blood pressure
Passive or facilitated. Dispersion due to random thermal motion.
Main costs associated with a given disease. (hospitalization, eppipins) Not including lost income from not being able to work…etc.
Outer layer, can refer to skin or the inside of the intestines…etc.
Generally involved in attacks on parasites and multicellular organisms. Distinct Golgi, distinctive granules, normally few in the circulation.
Any of various phosphorous-containing lipids that are composed mainly of fatty acids, a phosphate group, and a simple organic molecule. Also called phosphatide.
Suffix; too few
Property of blood capillary walls that allows for the selective exchange of substances.
Enzyme that transfers groups
The ejection of mucus, sputum, or fluids from the trachea and lungs by coughing or spitting.
Rate at saturation for 1 enzyme molecule (reactions catalyzed per second per molecule)
Cause of disease.
Inside of the lumen (hollow organ)
Inside of the bronchioles
Chloride Channel that is faulty in Cystic Fibrosis
The vSNARE found in synaptic vesicles containing neurotransmitters.
Guanylyl Cyclase is what type of enzyme?
Control of function in some way

Question/Definition	Answer/Term	Extra Info
A condition characterized by an excess of watery fluid collecting in the cavities or tissues of the body.
Cells way of taking in material by forming vesicles with outside fluid inside of them.
Small proteins released from cells that affect the behavior of neighboring cells.
Smaller portion of the toxin. Important part.
Less Hydrogens bound to carbons in fatty acids. Causing double or triple bonds which lead to kinks in the chain.
Proteins that are covalently bound to a phospholipid on the exterior of the plasma membrane. (can flow along surface, but never leave)
Cyclic Guanosine Monophosphate (cGMP) is what?
Membrane proteins that bind to one another and help pull vesicle and cell membranes together.
Enzyme that converts cGMP and cAMP back into their respective counterparts
A state of 'suspended animation' that some bacteria can adopt when conditions are not ideal for growth. They are analogous to plant seeds and can germinate into growing bacteria wh
Having one dominant and one recessive form of a gene
Process by which vesicles full of crystalline structures, granules, go through exocytosis, dumping their contents to the outside.		These granules are toxic to eukaryotic, multicellular organisms, and recruit additional white blood cells (cytokines)
Part of an enzyme that serves to bind to an inhibitor in order to regulate the catalytic domain
Specific membrane protein that binds to each other and helps pull a vesicle and cell membrane together.		Extends from the cell membrane
Producing, i.e. they will regenerate their secretory granules		in reference to Eosinophils
What is Cysteine?
Form of transport, Primary or Secondary, requires energy.
Enzyme that breaks water bonds
Pertaining to cilia on mucus covered surfaces
Inhibitor that binds to an alternate site to change the conformation of the enzyme.
Modifications that occur after the proteins are translated from RNA
Lethal dose for 50% of the population
The addition of a phosphate group
Physical sign causing bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes.		Caused by a lack of oxygen in the blood. Associated with cold temperatures, heart failure, lung diseases, and smothering
Lack of blood flow
Enzyme found in basophils that converts Arachidonic acid into Leukotriene A4
Enzyme that removes Phosphate groups
Taking functions & packing them into one defined region		Function of membrane, raises concentrations (need for reactions)
Substrate concentration that gives ½ maximal velocity, units of Concentration
Energy from ATP hydrolysis is used directly by the transporter to move a substance
Activated by cGMP in order to phosphorylate proteins
Adding/removing groups or cleaving bonds
Enzyme that stores or passes electrons
Acid that is converted into leukotriene A4 by lipoxygenase		Critical in development (pathogenesis) of asthma (attacks)
Keep membranes fluid at low temperatures and reduces fluidity at high temperatures.
Inhibitor that binds to the active site.
A G protein inhibitor that increased secretion of water in the intestine, which can produce massive diarrhea.

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